Dynamic Change And Prediction Research Of Ecosystem Services Values Of Chongqing

Ecosystem services are ecosystem of products and services contribute to human survival and quality of life. Ecosystem services are essential to human survival and development. After the 50ths of the 20th century, global population continues to increase; consumption continues to grow, coupled with one-sided pursuit of economic benefits. Series deterioration of the environment such as the global environmental deterioration, serious soil erosion, acid rain, greenhouse effect caused by began to stand out, affect the sustainable development of human, how to solve this environmental problem and improve the ecological environment are become the hot topics of current environmental study .Faced with this series of ecological problems, the world began to research The value of ecosystem services ,and in recent years, more attention are paid to the research of ecosystem services value .Chongqing is located in the heart of Sichuan Basin, is the largest economic center of Yangtze River, southwest industrial and commercial city and surface transport hub. With the economic development and accelerated urbanization process, in recent years, Chongqing is flooded with prominent environmental issues, combined with rain, mudslides, landslides and other secondary disasters, and the implementation of the Three Gorges Project, ecological situation is not optimistic in Chongqing.This paper use Costanza and Xie Gaodi determined the units value coefficient of ecosystem services, land use type and area-based data of Chongqing in 1997-2009, calculated value of ecosystem services of Chongqing in 1997-2009 by Costanza formula, give the reference the restoration and protection of ecological environment of Chongqing and sustainable economic development.The results show that: in 1997-2009, the land use type of Chongqing had Significant change, forest area continues to increase, particularly growth accelerated after 2002, these 13 years, forest land increased by 290,300 hectares in total; cultivatedarea appears to decrease. Especially ,after 2002 the rate of reduction accelerated , which is related with the implementation of the proposal the national implementation of the Forest and"forests Chongqing", the increase in forest area offset the growth cultivated land area ; In 13 years the growth rate of the grass is not obvious,only increase 2.12 million hectares; the area of unused land decreased , especially after 2001 , urbanization of Chongqing , more and more development and utilizatio n of unused land is reduced , approximately 80.5 million hectares, the largest reduction; construction land area is increasing; garden area changed little; water area also showed an increasing trend but the growth is not obvious.The results show that: in 1997-2009, the land use type of Chongqing had significant change, forest area continues to increase, particularly growth accelerated after 2002, these 13 years, forest land increased by 290,300 hectares in total; cultivated area appears to decrease. Especially ,after 2002 the rate of reduction accelerated , which is related with the implementation of the proposal the national implementation of the Forest and "forests Chongqing " , the increase in forest area offset the growth cultivated land area ; In 13 years the growth rate of the grass is not obvious,only increase 2.12 million hectares; the area of unused land decreased , especially after 2001 , urbanization of Chongqing , more and more development and utilization of unused land is reduced , approximately 80.5 million hectares, the largest reduction; construction land area is increasing; garden area changed little; water area also showed an increasing trend but the growth is not obvious.In 1997-2009 we calculated the total value of ecosystem services in two different units of value coefficients, all of them rise in general; the ratio of ecosystem services value and GDP showed a downward trend. Application of three different coefficients calculated the value of ecosystem service value quite different, but the overall trend shows that the ecological value of Chongqing, showing growth trends, the three different methods reflect the impact of the value of ecosystem services and land use change; view the value of ecosystem services in a single way, the value of forest ecosystem services grew rapidly, a trend of sustained growth; value of land ecosystem services is declining; , and value of grass, water and garden ecosystem services also showed an increasing trend .In 1997-2009 services value showed a sustained growth trend, use the value coefficients of Xie Gaodi: climate regulation, water conservation, soil formation and protection, gas regulation, biodiversity, raw materials, entertainment culture, waste Treatment continued to show an increasing trend, from 2002-2009, the curvature of the line changed greatly, which shows a greater change in the magnitude of value, increased by 471 million yuan, 6.28 billion yuan, 653 million yuan, 2.67 billion yuan, 6.3 billion Yuan, 5.69 billion yuan, 286 million yuan, 4.18 billion yuan respectively; only food production showed sustained reduced trend. value coefficients of Costanza showed: the 17 types, nutrient cycling provides the highest value in the ecosystem, which is related with rapid growth forest area, followed by water regulation, and raw materials.GM prediction model demonstrate that value of ecosystem services in Chongqing will show growing trends in the next six years.