Analysis Of Lignocellulose Biodegradation Microorganisms And Enzymes In Compost

Lignocelluloses are the most abundant renewable energy resources and exploiting them to manufacture ethanol and other bio-fuel can alleviate energy crisis, however, there are bottlenecks in the process of lignocelluloses conversion into fermentable oligosaccharide, which lead to lower efficiency and higher production cost. The first-line policy to resolve this issue is to screen efficient as well as optimum enzymes produced by microorganisms in nature habitat. The development of the biochemistry and molecular biology will provide crucial culture-independent methods to analyze this process.We analyzed the microorganisms, enzymes and substrates during the degradation process of straw. We detected the microorganisms using cultural-independent molecular approaches; exhibited the diversity of enzymes by cultural-independent biochemical methods; assayed the composition of the biomass.The percentage composition of cellulose and xylan drop gradually during the 32 days' compost process made of wheat straw. The degradation ratio of cellulose is 67.5%, while the number of xylan is 43.3%. Ligin is not broken down and relative content increases by 5%. The results indicate that the degradation degree of substrates is high during the compost processThe composition and total activity of cellulase and xylanase in the whole process of 32 days' wheat straw compost experienced dynamic changes and are distinct between various substrates. The maximum activity of xylanase, EG and CBH is in the mid process, and at the same time, the EG and Xylanase both have the most diverse components,7 and 10 respectively. By using PCR-RFLP, we detect the microbes in maize straw and wheat straw. The results show that above 50% of all the 100 transformants of each sample are un-cultured. Wheat straw compost sample has 17 kinds of bacteria and maize straw compost sample has 15. There are four bacteria participate lignocelluloses biodegradation, this number is so small and distinct with the analysis of enzymes and substrate.The lignocelluloses degradation enzymes are abountant and the degradation ratio of straw is high in nature, however, related microorganism is limit. This is because of the problems of the methods and the property of microorganisms. In subsequent research, we will try to use Proteomics combined with Genomics to analyze enzymes and microorganisms relativity, which will provide theoretical basis for biomass industrial utilization.