Consistent With The Differences

The government and the firm are different essence of social entities, and there is a natural link between them. This linkage is not only within the macro-structure level of the government and the firm, but also deeply rooted in the micro-interaction between them. This study uses the social exchange theory, selects value, resource, influence and exchange as the four elements for the analysis of micro-interaction between the government and the firm. That the differences and complementary in value and resource impact to each other results in the mutual exchange between the government and the firm. This exchange relationship runs through every historical change between the government and the firm and also each link of China's political and economic reform. The four elements of the exchange show different distinctive characteristics of the times in the specific historical background. The exchange relationship between the government and the firm has been experiencing from the planned economy period to the disorderly and initial orderly economy period. From the point of the government level, according to the different content and nature of the exchange resources between the government and the firm, the exchange relation between the government and the firm can be divided into the model of information control, the model of discretionary, the model of institution supply and the model of identification. The four exchange models are marked with their respective features, but they always show the consistence and difference in the micro-interaction between the government and the firm. Such consistence and difference reflects complex relation among governments, among firms, and as well as among the government, the firm, and the society. It is the consistence and difference that produce the exchange relationship between the government and the firm in the process of the China' s political and economic reform. In turn, it is promoting the political and economic restructuring. Therefore, this kind of relationship between the government and the firm encourages its subsistence and transition in China.