Competitive Advantage. Industry Cluster Analysis

From the middle and the end period of 20^th century,the development of industry clusters has caused more and more experts'attention.In many developed countries and developing countries,indurstry cluster has become an economic orgnizational form which can enhance regional competitiveness more efficient.In the areas of ZheJiang and Guang Dong in China,some clusters emerged after opening and reform.Cluster'specialized division of labor,complexity produce,exterior economy and spillover effect immediatelly become the hoe topic in theorized research.From the innitial research of Marshall to different views of Weber,Krugman,Schumpeter,Poter and other famous researchers,the theories involved has referred many subjects such as Neoclassical ecnomics,regional ecnomics,industry ecnomics,New institiutional ecnomics,stategy management,social science and so on.The research achievement are abundance.However,most of them belong to the field of economics and focus on the whole clusters.Few research has paid attention to its micro basis-firms.In fact,the driving force for firm'aggregate in certain clusters is to pursuit acquiring competitive advantage.If the cluster can not provide efficient mechanism or atmosphere which help the firms to get competitive advantage,firms will lose the motivation to convergency.The competitive advantage of firms reflects the whole cluster'advantage.Therefore,only focus on cluster but omit howfirms inclusters become competitive is a theorize default.This paper,point to his dafault,based on RBV and competence theory analysis how firms inclusters get their competitive advantages and what advantages they acquire.Through reseaching industry clusters more deeply,we can go further in disgussing the internal mechanism of the forming and developing of clusters so as to provide a new method both for research and practice.Industry clusters are medium size network in which firms have close relationship.Firms within the clusters acquire support and convenience in acquiring, developing and deploying resource through division of labor and resource sharing in the network..This article aim to research the competitive advantage of firms within the circumstance of clusters.It suggest that firm's actions of acquiring and sharing resources can be facilitated by the powerful competence of the clusters in absorbing productive factors, "chaseing effect" and "pulling effect" as well as abundant social capital cumulated in networks.Thus, the competitive advantages are the lower cost created by effective resource acquiring mechanism, flexible resource bring by the forming of new resources and expending of resource efficiency, swift reflection to markets based on the acquring of flexcible resources and relationship resources, the durative of competitive advantage through path dependen and cause ambiguity in the forming of specific resources in clusters, the spillover of intelligent resources and the forming of its implement mechanism redound to innovation,and then accelerate the renewal of firm's resources and competence through which forming sustaint comprtitive advantage.