Research On The Open And Sharing Mechanism Of National Major Scientific Research Facilities And Instruments

Scientific development and technological innovation is inseparable from supporting of national major scientific research facilities and instruments. But there are many problems in open sharing of China’s scientific research facilities and instruments, such as repeat purchase behavior, departmentalization, unitization, personal tendencies remain unresolved. Compared with foreign countries, there is a big gap in utilization of research facilities and instruments in China, such as share level remains to be improved, rate of external services and inter-regional open sharing services remains to be enhanced.Open sharing of national major scientific research facilities and instruments are interoperability, are collaborative governance process. Collaborative governance has four features:multiple subjects involved in; principle of reciprocity, and seeking synergy of subsystem; the purpose of achieving a common goal, pay attention to self-organization among organizations; need develop common rules.This paper on the basis of multi-center governance and collaborative governance theories, combined these theories with open sharing of national major scientific research facilities and instruments, from the whole chain of configuration, management, service, supervision, evaluation, elaborate current situation of scientific research facilities and instruments open sharing in China; at the national level key analyzes practices of National Science and Technology Infrastructure which was constructed by Ministry of Science; at the provincial level, based on public R & D service platform/large scientific instruments sharing network construction and operation practices in Shanghai, Beijing and other places, to sum up their open sharing mechanisms and disadvantage. On the basis of above analysis, the paper expressed problems we faced in scientific research facilities and instruments open sharing and accurate positioning the deep-seated reasons, then analyze advanced practice in abroad, learn from their experiences, put forward relevant countermeasures.Research methods include taking field research and literature survey, combing quantitative and qualitative analysis, comparative analysis. The author survey various scientific and technological platforms, universities, research institutes, to conduct field research interviews, as well as combined using scientific and technological resources survey data quantitative analysis open sharing conditions of research facilities and instruments, thus obtain accurate information.The innovation of this study include combined collaborative governance and multi-center theory with open sharing of research facilities and instruments; analyzing survey data for scientific and technological resources as well as Statistical Yearbook data. This paper based on the existing construction progress of national network platform and future trends, throughout the whole chain to propose solution choice. This paper learn experiences from other countries, provide recommendations in terms of top-level design and overall planning, system construction, evaluation mechanism, incentive and restraint mechanisms, personnel training and so on.This study provides a new practical solution for open sharing of scientific research facilities and instrument. It provides a strong support for the government setting resource sharing policies, promote their rational allocation and efficient use.