Covering A Distance-and Energy-based Wireless Sensor Network Local Topology Control Algorithm

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), which has a good application prospect, has received increasing attention. WSN is consisted of a huge number of small sensor nodes which include sensing module, microprocessor and communication module, Formed through self-organization, and collect data expected from monitored field and monitor the environment. For WSN, the energy of network node is usually limited, and replacement and supplement of the energy source is not feasible. Though analyzing, we found that the energy consumption of nodes mainly concentrates on the part of radio communication, and the nodes consume much more energy when is at the transmission mode than at the dormant mode. Hence, we can save more energy of network by letting more nodes dormant.OGDC(Optimal Geographical Density Control) is a optimal full coverage topology control algorithm that based on optimization analysis, configure the network nodes reasonably, suggest that each node follows a periodic cycle of active or sleep radio states. However, in fact, sometimes full coverage is unnecessary in practical application, and use the partial coverage strategy can reduce the number of nodes in the network further, and prolong the network lifetime. This paper researches the partial coverage topology control strategy of WSN, mainly has analyzed the problem of nodes' configuration and network connectivity and so on. Furthermore, a novel algorithm EOGDC(Extended OGDC Algorithm) for distance and energy based partial coverage topology control in WSN is proposed through extension and optimization of the OGDC proposed in previous work. This algorithm: a. had considered the working neighbors' position and its remaining energy in the process of choosing working nodes, let the node that with more remaining energy and closer the optimal position expected for working nodes to be a working node, b. According to the application we can configured the nodes neatly, and reconsiders the problem of network connectivity and robust and so on, c. has addressed the problem of connectivity between network nodes and the base station in partial coverage network.The simulation results verify that adjusting the rate of network's coverage slightly, the number of working nodes has been reduced a lot and the lifetime of network has been prolonged too. Thus has proved that this algorithm is feasible and valid. In addition this algorithm has the function of balancing the energy consumption among network nodes.