The Strategies And Control Algorithms For The Energy Balance Of Nodes In Wireless Sensor Network

Pervasive computing is a computing mode which enables people to attain information services anywhere and anytime. It humanitarianly emphasizes people's attention and their satisfaction with information service. As a booming research field, pervasive computing gets more and more attention from people, which will greatly influence the development of computers as well as information disciplines. As one of the major technology that can achieve pervasive computing, wireless sensor networks is a multi-hop self-organizing networks system that consist with vast majority of low-cost node arrayed in the monitor area and formed by wireless technology. Its aim is to cooperate in harmony sensing, acquiring and dealing with the information of the sensed objects in the network coverage areas, and then send to the observer. Wireless sensor network, which integrates with sensor technology, embedded computing technology, distributed information processing technology and communication technology, has a wide range of applied prospect. It is widely used in military affairs, environment, health, household and other commercial areas. Meanwhile, wireless sensor network has its own advantage in some particular fields such as exploration in outer space and salvation in disaster.This paper is oriented the involved theories and technology of wireless sensor network which is the frontal research fields of control subject and takes the static node arranged in high density at random as the research object. It keeps to the demand of preferential energy efficiency and brings forward related control algorithm solution to the heated questions about decreasing network energy- consumption and realizing energy-balance. As an innovative work, it has breakthrough in research method and thought .Its major achievements are as follows:①Wireless sensor network and its key problems was described generally , its definition and features were analyzed and discussed, especially in details in the involved key technologies. A brief introduction of some typical related work at home and abroad presently are also listed.②The administrative levels of topology control in wireless sensor network are brought forward. It can be divided into three levels, the first is density control, the second is coverage control and the last is connectivity coverage control. At present, most topology control algorithm is based on duality perceptive model. However, probability perceptive model(PPM) can define well the capacity of network coverage in the actual application. Based on general PPM, two control algorithms of density(DCA), coverage(CCA) and connectivity coverage(CCCA) are put forward respectively. DCA which ensure sufficient coverage probability in target area can make some nodes slept consumption less energy and other nodes active so as to decrease the total energy- consumption. The main idea of CCA and CCCA is to make use of a few of higher energy left nodes to buildup network coverage sets and connectivity coverage sets. Reset the cycle of next coverage sets until last sets expire. Use different nodes to form the coverage sets as much as possible to in every new cycle to decrease and balance the energy-consumption.③What the worst and best coverage explore is that whether the object is detected or not when it passes through wireless sensor network. As to the object that passes through the net, the worst thing is the least probability of not being detected through all tracks by nodes. The opposite is the best thing of the most probability. This paper provides coverage algorithm for the worst and best thing based on probability coverage model in wireless sensor network.④In wireless sensor network, the energy of a single node is limited, however, the networks have to lengthen its lifetime as long as possible. So a scheduling algorithm for the node based on probability perceptive model is put forward. It allows node to make worksheet by itself according to the nodes density and the coverage probability for the target area and carry it into effect in turn in order to lower energy-consumption and balance energy.⑤The maximum connectivity algorithm is one of the important cluster algorithms for sensor network. It selects the maximum connectivity node as cluster header to cut down the amount of clusters but with the problem of overlap in clusters and energy-balance. A self-maintenance cluster algorithm through the move and maintenance of cluster header is addressed to reduce the overlapping and energy balance between various clusters.This paper deeply analyzes the strategies and control algorithms for energy-balance of wireless sensor network. A several algorithms are put forward verified by emulation results. Farther improvement of the performance and expansion of the practicability for the algorithm are needed.