Mimo Radar Detection And Estimation,

Motivated by recent advances in Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) wireless communications, this dissertation aims at exploring the potential of MIMO approaches in the radar applications. In radar, A complex target consisting of several scatters whose radar cross section (RCS), which determines the amount of returned signal power, greatly varies with the observed aspect. Those variations significantly impair the detection and estimation performance of conventional radar, which employ closely spaced arrays both on transmit and receive sides, and also transmit same waveform via different transmit array elements. In contrast, by widely separating transmit and receive elements, MIMO radar systems observe a target simultaneously from independent aspects resulting in spatial diversity. This diversity overcomes the fluctuations in received signal power. Similar to the multiplexing gain in communications, the MIMO approach in radar enables resolving this feature with an accuracy beyond the one supported by the bandwidth. This dissertation studies the MIMO concept in radar in the following manner. First, geometric considerations due to the widely separated transmit and receive antenna elements will be deduced base on an signal model as follow section. And then, direct of arrival estimation using maximum likelihood estimator is explored for a system applying transmit diversity on the transmit side. Due to the target' RCS fluctuations and MSE of DOA estimation, the notion of average and outage Cramer Rao Bound are introduced. Both the bounds are compared with simulation results revealing the diversity gains of MIMO radar versus phased array ones. Afterward, the detection of target in white Gaussian noise is discussed including correlated observe aspects considered. The detection performance of MIMO radar is then compared to the one achieved by conventional phased array radar systems. The discussion is extended to include returns from homogeneous clutter. A Doppler processing based moving target detector for MIMO radar is also developed in this context. Based on this detector, the moving target detection capabilities of MIMO radar are evaluated and compared to the ones of phased array and multi-static radar systems.