Er (3 +) / Yb (3 +) Doped Phosphate Glass Waveguide Laser Steady State Characteristics

With the rapid development of optical communication technology, optical waveguide lasers and amplifiers used for high gain, small volume, compact structure, convenient integration and low loss optical communications have drawn more and more attentions. Based on the research condition at my laboratory, the steady-state of Er³⁺/Yb³⁺ co-doped phosphate waveguide laser has been explored and investigated. Considering the structure of energy-level and transition processes of the ions, rate equations and transmitting equations of quasi-three energy-level-system of Er³⁺/Yb³⁺ co-doped phosphate waveguide laser have been presented and analyzed. Threshold of pumping power, slope efficiency and output power have been analysed theoretically. And some other factors which affect the laser have also been discussed. Based on the experiment and the data in references, Properties of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) for the phosphate glass waveguide laser pumped by LD at 980 nm have also been studied in detail. Intensity, homochromy and direction of ASE in the waveguide have been discussed. Using numerical calculations, effects of ASE on different modes have been studied for the first time, and spectrum of ASE power have been presented and analyzed.Using Runge-Kutta methods to solve the rate equations and transmitting equations, threshold of pumping power, slope efficiency and output power with the effects of media length, cavity length, Er³⁺ concentration, the optimal transmission of output coupler and the parameters of pump laser have been observed and calculated by numerical analysis.Some phosphate glass planar optical waveguides and channel waveguides have been fabricated successfully. Using M-ray methods, refractive index of transmitting modes at 632.8nm has been found. Finally, applying lens coupling method and Wentzel Kramer Brillouin (WKB) method, the refractive index profile of the waveguides has been found.All the study achievements were summarized, next work was indicated at the end of the paper.