Experiential Learning In Primary Schools In Comprehensive Practice Course Research

In 2001,《The outline of basic education curriculum reform (On trial)》showed, we should cultivate the students " the actively attitude of study", "make the students acquire the ability of collecting and dealing with the information, know how to obtain the new knowledge and how to analyze and solve the problems and cultivate the ability to exchange and cooperation.". The main idea of this outline focuses on cultivating process-oriented, emotion, attitude and values, against the traditional education which emphasis on imparting and accepting knowledge too much. And how to achieve this aim is also constantly discussed. Then experiential learning attracts people's attention. It focuses on process rather than the results, investigation rather than simply accept, emotion rather than the acquisition of knowledge, teamwork rather than individual. All of these unique features makes the experience of learning become a useful supplement for traditional learning methods. Based on the theoretical elaboration and practical dimensions of research, This article tries to explain the experiential learning is a practical and important way of learning, teachers should concern about the students'experience. At the last of this essay, the author gives some advices on how to develop the students'positive experience in the integrated practical class.This paper attempts to express the points in two ways:One is the theoretical part which discusses the concept of the experiential learning and theory.First of all, it analyzes the status of the experiential learning. People can understand the origins of experiential learning and development patterns; Secondly, we master the concept of experiential learning through the definition. In the field of education, it is difficult to define a concept. In the current study, the "lived experience" and "experience" has confused. The two represent all the interaction between the individuals and the environment, but the lived experience places too much emphasis on the personal experience, the generation of emotion and the process, which is different from the experience. Experiential learning is not simply memorize the abstract theoretical knowledge, but focuses on the learner involved in the activities, identifying the problems and reflecting, forms the positive emotions, attitudes and values. In the end, the learners change their behaviors. The characteristics of experiential learning are process, continuity and circumstances. In the process of learning, teacher want to know what are observed, how to think, and how to summarize. All of these are more important than a number. And no continuity means no development of experience; knowledge is occurred and tested in learners'experience. Experience's circumstance means the interaction between individuals and the environment. Finally, it elaborates the process and significance of experiential learning. Kolb's experiential learning cycle is most widely used. That is the specific experience-reflection-generalization-application. The four stages of the process is continuous spiral, reflection is in the process of experiential learning.And the third stage is the most important point. The significance of experiential learning is that teamwork which enhances the communication between students; environmental stimulation provides the motivation for students to learn, helps to implement the emotional goals.The other is the practical part; it analyzes the application and development in a topic, and gives some advices. In the activity of the "breakfast's nutrition", students were feeling, thinking, experiencing and so on, strengthening the communications between peers. After the event, the change went from the thought to the behavior, and delivered to their relatives and friends. In the course of the activity, we discovered some problems:those are student autonomy, the status of team members, teachers'tendency and the effect of the experience. To solve these problems, it puts forward on how to promote students'experience:developed the subjectivity of students; guided the students to ask questions; designed the effective teaching situation; changed the role of teachers; chose the content; promoted the students reflect.Experiential learning advocates teamwork with focusing on the formation of emotion and values. Today, we values the comprehensive development of the students, the experience learning will play an increasingly important role in education.