Color And Shape Of The Object Of Inductive Reasoning, Children 4-5 Years Old

Inductive inference is an important form of inference, it is one element of human cognitive ability. Inductive inference also is an effective strategy of human acquisition of knowledge and experience to make judgments and inference and problem solving. Therefore, inductive inference is great significance.The general trend of the infants care of things is inseparable from the trend of the infants' understanding of things in the field of infants'inductive inference. The reasoning form of infants is converting from expansion to simple. The feature of the infants understanding things is main direct understanding. The research of infants reasoning is mainly about vision, sense of touch and perception at present. We can find that some people research the infants'inductive inference from the similarity of color and texture, and some people research from the similarity perception and the concept of conflict. The research of infants and adult is general, but the research of infants' inductive inference based on the color and shape of objects is seldom. Most existing research is mainly about abstract shape or color-loving aspect. Therefore, this study selected the color and shape of the object as an entry point to research the 4 to 5 years old children how to use color and shape of objects to inductive inference.This paper mainly used experimental method to measure infants'inductive inference ability, in the process of designing the experiment through the analysis of literature and interviews on the survey of kindergarten teacher. The experiment we do is according to the requirement of physical and mental development of young children as much as possible. The experiment is not only fun to attract young children to actively participate, but also it can inspire the infants with the play of its inductive inference. However, the most important thing is the design of experiments to achieve the purpose of experimental testing investigation should not be overlooked.The study combines the development trend of infants'inference and the characteristics of understanding things, and selects the simple colors and shapes that the children familiar with. We designed three experiments to study that 4-5 year old children how to use the colors and shapes of the things to induce and inference. In the first layer experiment, we test the children how to inductive based on the color similarity and complete the tasks that describe in the relevant language of the situation using different colors and the same shapes. In the second layer experiment, we test the children how to inductive based on the shape similarity and complete the tasks that describe in the relevant language of the situation using different shapes and the same colors. In the third layer experiment, the object's color and shape of these two properties presented jointly, when the objects in the color similarity and shape similarity changed oppositely, color similarity and shape similarity in the 4-5 years old children inductive inference whether in the different levels of importance, whether there are differences between them? Second order experiment is that changed the first layer and the second layer experiment, and then do the third layers experiment; this is because that the second experiment may affect the third experiment. Thus, while the second order experiment designed to further guarantee the authenticity and reliability of experimental data, and we can better explore further 4-5 years old children based on color and shape features of the development of inductive inference.At last the measure results of the data are imported and analyzed by SPSS 17.0 software after research on 160 children aged 4-5 year.The results show that if only one property of the object changed 77.5% of the children to complete the color similarity of the inductive inference task, and 80% of children able to complete the shape similarity of the inductive inference task if the shape changed. Although the proportion of tasks display (color task:Boys 73.75%, Girls 73.75%; the shape of the task:Boys 75%, Girls 85%) girls can be better complete the inductive inference than boys, there are no significant differences between them. The importance of shape similarity was more important than color similarity when the objects in the color similarity and shape similarity opposite changed. The proportion of girls selecting the similar shape is higher boys, and there is significant gender difference between them. The sequence of the color and shape of the test does not affect the children completing inference tasks when the color and shape similarity changed. Description of the causes of inductive inference results show that girls can more accurately describe their own process of inductive inference better than boys, but there is no significant differences between them.