Individual Learning In Distance And Open Education

The educational view of "teaching students in accordance with their aptitude ^ and take students as center" was reported 2000 years ago, and it was the goal which educational workers made great efforts for. But being restricted by the educational technology and economic factors, It has not bring about a striking effect. Since 1970s, being influenced by humanism psychology and with the change of subject educational researching method, Individualised learning is laid high stress on in the field of educational research. And with the rapid developing of morden information technology, spreading of INTERNET, gradually riching of long-distance educational goaK content and method, individualized learning is technological supported strongly. This article analyses and discusses the significance of individualized learning method, the history and the present situation of the research, the maintain principles and theorems, the characteristic of individualised learning, the pattern of individualized learning, and how to establish the long-distance and open educational circumstance of individualized learning.The first part discusses the significance of individualise learning theory. The author thinks that individualized learning is indentical with the goal of life-long learning, It is the demond of life-long learning in this learning social; individualized learning method can provide a thinking frame on how to reform our tranditional ling-distance education that overlooking discrepancy and emphaticing unification; individulised learning can improve the quality and efficiency of learning course, it is the best learning pattern to imprve our morden long-distance educational efficiency.The second part introduces the history and the present situation of individualized learning method researching: Individual-Guided Education ( IGE ) ; Individual-Teaching program of kaller's; Individually Prescribed Instruction; grasp-studing method and so on. The author discusses their accomplishments and their shortcomings.The third part introduces the main principles and theorems of individualized learning: humanism psychology and its representative figure, constructivism learning method and its representative figure, the student autonomy theory of Wedemeyer and Moore, long-distance educational theorists of America.The forth part analsyses the characteristic of individualized learning. The authorgive the difinition of individualized learning, differentiates some concepts that maybeobscured easily. The author thinks that individualized learning has the characters of autonomy; individuation; tactfulness; research; efficientance and interactiveness.The fifth part analsyses the systematic pattern of individualized learning. The chart of individualized learning is raised. The author thinks that the crucial link of individualized learning is: learning diagnosis; development organization of learning content; learning strategy.The sixth part discusses how to establish the long-distance and open educational circumstance of individualized learning. The author thinks that should build up personalized training goal and open management method; establish the diversitycourse system that can meet the needs of individual development; found long-distance intelligent learning support and service system; in this system, should give necessary support on learning feelings of learners; and the learners should pay a lot of time on training their autonomous learning ability.