Learning Difficulties In Students' Achievement Goal Orientation, Learning Strategies, Failure Characteristics And The Relationship Between Coping Styles

LD students is a specially heterogeneous group, and the problem of learning disabilities is a common problem to those countries that are preceding free educational system. Recent years, it has drawn many governments educational and psychological researchers' attention because of the manual increased proportions of students with learning disabilities. During the primary period of this field, researchers tried to disclose the reason that leads to learning disability by means of teaching梩heory physiology^ medicine, but it' s right because the varieties of theories, methods and emphasis that made researchers difficulty to define the phenomenon of learning disabilities accurately.With the development of the psychology theories and research techniques , study emphasis of the learning disabilities has changed accordingly. People mainly analyzed the causes of the learning disabilities before 1970th. After 1970th, people began to explore the LD students' cognitive characters and cognitive processes, somebody started to study the LD students' social aspects after 1990th.In the last one or two years, some researchers advocated combining the study of learning disabilities with the study of social cognition. They thought the study of learning disabilities could be advanced from a social cognition perspective. But until now, the social cognition study of learning disabilities students is very poor in our country. Much social cognition study of average students has been done, which supply the study of learning disabilities with approach. The study of learning disabilities canuse the approach for reference, for example, the comparative method of studying. We can compare the social cognition characteristics of the learning disabilities students with that of the average students, which can find the mental process mechanism of the difference in social mental aspects between the LD students and the average students. The present study will follow the comparative method of studying.The study of achievement goal is the frontier of achievement motivation study, and it's incorporate of social cognition study in the study of achievement motivation. Generally speaking, achievement goal is the reason for or purpose of task engagement. Different students may adopt different achievement goals. In achievement theory, the concept of achievement goal orientation is used to indicate the achievement goal belief that the students posess. The present study intends to explore the achievement goal' s characteristics of LD students.Study strategies and the coping style with academic failure are two important variables of self梤egulated learning. The primary study indicated that achievement goal has effect on study strategies and the coping style with academic failure. Yet this study result need to be validated, so, the present study intend to explore the relation of LD students between achievement goal and Study strategies the coping style with academic failure, and also explore the characteristics of Study strategies and the coping style with academic failure of LD students.The present study revealed that:(1) Compared with NLD students, LD students had significantly lower scores on mastery goal and higher scores on performance?avoidance goal. The two kinds of students had no significant difference on performance梐pproach goal. The predominant achievement goal orientation is performance-avoidance goal.(2) Compared with NLD students, LD students had significantly lower scores on deep processing and significantly higher scores on both surface processing and disorganization, which indicated that LD students had difficulty in establishing or maintaining a structured , organized approach to studying. The predominant study strategy of LD students is surface processing.(3) Compared with NLD students, LD students had significantly lower scores on problem solving and significantly higher scores on the other negative coping styles with academic failure. The predominant coping style of LD students is emotional reactions.(4) F...