Transformation Of The Contemporary Chinese Urban-rural Relations

The emergence of city shows that the society has developed into two different forms--urban society and rural society, which have inherent social and economic characteristics but relate closely to each other. Thus the relationship between city and village comes into being. China's special condition, great majority of rural population, decides that the relationship is extremely important. How to deal with the urban and rural relationship properly has become a problem of great theoretical and realistic significance. According to the evolution of urban and rural relation, whether it is harmonious or not has become an important index to weigh up the condition of the social and economic development and the level of modernization. The harmony between city and village firstly is the relationship of opening to each other that is a premise of combining them together. Under the guidance of Marxist Theory concerning the urban and rural relation, and from the angle of "degree" and "tendency" during the transition period, the thesis makes a comparatively overall study about modern China's urban and rural relationship, especially about the difficulty and tendency during the reform of relation. The thesis points out that the isolated state of dual social structure is the product of planned economic structure, and the mandatory innovation of the institution solidifies the isolated state. Since the reform and the opening up, along with the gradual establishment and improvement of socialist market economic structure, the isolated state of institutionalization has begun to loosen spontaneously. But it is far from mitigating the conflicts between the dual social structure and the healthy social and economic development. Therefore, the key of the reform concerning modern China's urban and rural relation lies in institutional innovation, i.e. to establish a social institution to adapt to socialist market economy. Furthermore, urbanization is the optimal way and model of renovating modern China's urban and rural relation. On the basis of tapping the social institutional reason of urban and rural isolation, the thesis elaborates the innovation about the institution of household register, employment, social security and land use and the difficulty in transforming the role of government. Concerning the tendency of reforming modern China's urban and rural relation, the thesis concentrates on that urbanization should be market-oriented. Moreover, the thesis also puts forward several new items such as institution dilemma, institution inertia, the isolated state of institutionalization and market-oriented urbanization.