| With the directing of modern education theory, this thesis studies on the student financial aid system during the period of the Republic of China (Min Guo1912-1949), under the society background of China’s social modernization, focuses on the secondary schools and upwards, especially the impecunious ones. In order to clearly understand how the impecunious students obtained the educational rights and opportunities in the Republic of China. Based on the theme of student financial assistance system, combed its evolution, analyzed its main content, explored the basic characteristics. It aims to find out the basic characteristics and criticizes it objectively and equally on the historical effect as well as the existing problems. It is hoped to help widen the study of history of Chinese education and provide the historical reference for the reform and development of the contemporary student financial aid system in our nation.First of all, relied on the objective facts, from the longitudinal perspective, this study clarifies the production, establishment and the development process of the student financial aid system in the Republic of China. With the promulgation and implementation of student financial assistance regulations as clues, the student financial assistance system during the period of the republic of China is divided into two historical stages of development:In 1912-1932, It was produced under the background of the relatively open and gradual awakening consciousness of society. In 1932-1949, series of the laws, regulations, rules, regulations of student financial assistance about "award, free, public, loan " was formed.In the course of development, it has experienced a process of constant adjustment and frequent variation of attempts.The second, from the horizontal perspective, it mainly analyses on the content of the aiding body, ways and rules of the student financial aid system. The main body of student financial aid during the period of the Republic of China presents diversified characteristics, mainly from the government, school and society from all walks of life, through the ways by setting up the scholarships, free of charge, public expense and loans. Every aiding way holds a specific system in the implement, including the aiding range, standard and procedure. This thesis demonstrates it by taking some specific aid rules in the implementation as examples.Once again, based on the above, it comes out the basic characteristics of the student financial aid system in the Republic of China. In the aspect of system design, it takes the impecunious students for aiding orientation and reflects the education democratization concept. In the aspect of system construction, it demonstrates the dominant force of the government from setting of the student financial aid agency and formation of the aiding rules. In aspect of funding source, it presents the diverse characteristics from government funding, school self-raised, individuals and social groups.In summary, the student financial aid system during the period of the Republic of China, It not only provided the security for most impecunious students to receive the education opportunity, but also promoted the process of Chinese early education modernization. Meanwhile, it cultivated a large number of talents and promoted the development of society. Although due to the social unrest, national poverty, it caused some problems of the student financial assistance system in the concrete implementation process. However, it provided important enlightenment for the development and perfection of our country contemporary student financial assistance system. An important guarantee for the development of the student financial assistance system is a multi-channel fund-raising; Implementation of the main way is flexible, timely adjust the" quaternary" way of funding; Forceful measure is to set clear rules of funding, making it presents a dynamic form of management, to give full play to the incentive effect of student financial assistance. |
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