A Study On The Characteristics Of Physical Function Of Three Elite Male Triathletes During Altitude Training

1.ObjectiveCombined with altitude training load characteristics of Chinese Elite Male Triathletes to investigate the general rules of the change of physical function during altitude training, enrich our triathlon Altitude Training Theory.2. MethodsThis paper chose 12 male triathletes preparing for the Asian Games in Incheon and Rio Olympic Games for the study, according to the daily training site will be divided into plain group(plain athletes) and highland group(plateau athlete), 6 players in each group. In the whole course of altitude training for athletes, the following factors were examined: body composition, heart rate(HR), oxygen saturation(Spo2), blood pressure, blood, creatine kinase(CK), blood urea nitrogen(BUN), testosterone(T), cortisol(C), serum ferritin(SF) and other physiological and biochemical measurement, combined athletes training load and completion to assess the athletes physical function and quality of training comprehensive.3.Results3.1 In the first cycle of training process, the body mass, body fat percentage, Morning Pulse, WBC of plain group was significantly higher than that of highland group(P<0.01); RBC, Hb, HCT, SF was significantly lower than highland group(P<0.05), no significant changes in other indicators(P>0.05).3.2 After eight weeks of altitude training, compared with the first week, the plain group have significantly increased in the following aspects: Spo2(2.12%↑), RBC(9.14%↑), HCT(6.67%↑), with aspects in which the percentage significantly reduced are as follows: resting heart rate(24.69%↓), MCH(5.93%↓), MCHC(3.67%↓), CK(47.08%↓), T(15.00%↓), no significant changes in other indicators; the athletes of highland group athletes have significantly increased: RBC(5.59 %↑), HCT(6.38%↑), significantly reduced there: MCH(2.58%↓), MCHC(3.44%↓), CK(66.04%↓), T(9.89%↓), no significant changes in other indicators.3.3 When highland group take part in plateau athletes training lasting for 24 weeks, the indicators at the different stages of the training program fluctuate within the normal range. After 24 weeks of training, the indicators compared to the initial level, C was significantly higher(28.86%↑), and BUN, T and T / C was significantly lower(respectively 16.87%↓, 16.12%↓, 34.85%↓), no significant changes in other indicators.4.Conclusion4.1 Plain group SF and erythroid other indicators below the highland group in the first cycle of altitude training, indicating differences in the oxygen transport system function and aerobic capacity in the two athletes.4.2 The first cycle of altitude training makes the two players body function index volatility in the normal range, indicating that two players can adapt to the training schedule of the cycle; And changes in body function indicators reflect the two groups of athletes has been effectively improved, the plain group is more sensitive to high altitude training, the degree of improvement in physical function is greater than highland group.4.3 The Physical indicators of highland group at different stages of the training to produce adaptive changes in the second cycle, after 24 weeks of altitude training, only T, T / C levels were significantly reduced, C levels were significantly increased, other indicators have reached a high level, indicating that this period of altitude training to effectively improve the athlete’s bodily functions, improve the competitive level athletes.