Research On The Design Of Primary School Mathematics Activity From The Perspective Of Activity Theory

The curriculum standards of mathematics in compulsory education(2011):Through the mathematics learning in the compulsory education stage,students can obtain the basic mathematical knowledge, basic skills, basic thoughts and basic experience to adapt to social life and further development. However, the students’ basic mathematics thoughts and basic activity experience is received from the rich mathematical activities. Therefore, how to design the mathematical activities which are suitable to the characteristics of elementary mathematics study is the important task for math teacher, it is also the important link to improving the effectiveness of teaching mathematics.The theory of this research is based on the activity theory. We combined many kinds of methods in the study: literature research, class observation, case analysis to discuss the characteristics of the mathematics activities in elementary school and the principles/process/strategy of designing mathematics activities. The results of the research show that the mathematics activities in elementary school in the theoretical perspective has characteristics as follows: the students are initiative to construct math knowledge; the activity will be combined with operation, thoughts and expression of language; promoted the coordinated development of individual and community; to let students achieve the positive emotional experience. The principle of integrity,sociality and mathematical should be followed during designing mathematics activities; The process of designing activity contains three parts: prophase analysis( the analysis of teaching objection, the analysis of the students and learning needs,the analysis of the teaching content), the design plan of activity(the edition of activity goal, the design of the content and process of activity, the analysis of the activity intention, the class combined with activity sequences), the implementation and adjust of activity. When design the mathematics activities, we should take more task-driven activities focused on the target of study, use many kinds of method to arouse the students motivation of participating in the activities of math. Fully mobilize and use of the existing activities teaching experience, using different forms of teaching media.On this basis, this study takes the teaching content of The area of a triangle for example, which is the second class in math learning of elementary school. We chose an example in teaching design and analyzed the main exciting problem. This case willbe redesigned with the conclusion of this study. In order to examine the main conclusion of this study, we reflected and corrected the plan of mathematical activity through the way of teaching practice and class observation.