| As an important contents in chemical reaction principle parts of senior middle school, "Hydrolysis of salts" is not only the key points and difficult points of high school chemistry teaching, also one of the hot college entrance examination proposition. For this part, whose contents are very abstract, theoretical is also strong, and higher requirements on the integrated use of knowledge. However in high school, abstract logical thinking of students is in the development stage, the formation of ideas and thinking is not perfect and mature, which will be a difficult transition from macroscopic to microscopic for students. Therefore, this part of contents is the difficult points in student’s learning and teacher’s teaching. The author summarizes more targeted teaching strategy by investigating of existing learning difficulties of "hydrolysis of salts" part and analysing the reasons for its formation in the hope of providing the reference for chemistry teaching.This essay investigated senior high school students of Gansu province Jingyuan county second middle school who have studied parts of "hydrolysis of salts". After analysis of the results of the survey, author found the some difficult points of learning"hydrolysis of salts" as follows:(1) Weakness in knowledge base. Before study "hydrolysis of salts", some of the students are poor in the basic knowledge of chemistry. (2) Imperfection of abstract thinking of students. The high school stage, students’abstract thinking is under development, they are lack of full understanding of abstract concept. (3)The learning attitude is negative and motivation is not clear of students. Some students to meet the test, or because their parents are forced to let them to learn, learning has been in a passive acceptance of the status. (4) Lack of interest in learning. Influenced by the traditional teaching mode, some teachers take duck-stuffing and injection type of teaching, which puts students in the long-term passive learning status and seldom have the opportunity of learning chemistry in classroom, as the result of lack of interest in chemistry learning. (5)Poor study habits and improper learning methods. In the study of "hydrolysis of salts", parts of the students using machine learning and memory strategies without thinking when questions generated. They make an independent learning habits and have the intense dependence on their teachers. (6)The influence of mindset. In the study of hydrolysis of salts of theory and its practice, the students are easily dependent on the teacher’s teaching mode of thinking. If things go on like this, students have formed unified thinking mode on different issues, which leads to the formation of thinking. (7)Plateau phenomenon in study. After understanding the basic concepts and rules of hydrolysis of salts, and need the deeply understand the microscopic nature of salts hydrolysis balance, the students meet the problem of slow speed in learning, low efficiency and learning difficulties, they are in a semi stagnation, stagnation or even retrogression state, although spending a lot of time, the efficiency is not high.According to the difficult points of "hydrolysis of salts" in learning, the author offers a targeted teaching strategies:analysis on the teaching content systematically, grasp knowledge system entirely; build a triple characterization system, understand the reaction essence deeply; using the computer assisted instruction, enhance conceptual understanding ability; conduct the experimental investigation, to improve students’ logical thinking ability. |
