A Case Study On The Explicitization Of Scientific Methods In The Writing Of High School Physics Textbooks

The scientific method education is dependent on the knowledge teaching, they must have a very good fus ion, or scientific method education will be non-existent. And knowledge teaching depends on textbook, so the implementation of the scientific method education must obtain textbook first. Textbook is the first- hand material of teaching and learning, how to deal with the scientific method will directly affects the teaching effect of the scientific method. Making the scientific method appropriate explicit in the textbook can guide teachers to guarantee the teaching effect of the scientific method.This article mainly investigates two kinds of t extbook. The first one includes senior high school physics textbook which are published by Shanghai Science and Technology Press and expanding type course which are published by East China Normal University Press. These two are referred to as “physics textbooks of Shanghai”. Another one is ordinary high school curriculum standard experiments textbook which are published by People’s Education Press. They called “physics textbook of PEP”. This article includes three parts. In chapter two some relevant concepts are defined, such as scientific methods system, the way to present scientific method in textbook, the experiment method logic methods and mathematical methods in physics teaching.Chapter three mainly investigate and compare the situation of the scientific method to be implemented explicit ly by the teaching material of “Shanghai” edition and “PEP” edit ion in redacting explication, and analyses the pros and cons of them. C oncluding primary measures of explicitness of the scientific method as following kinds: In the column “click”,it introduces the scientific method; In text or notation, it presents scientific method, and introduces the history of physics and manifests scientific method, and cites examples of the scientific method to be explic itly made, and thinking what feasible strategies should be adopted in order to promote scientific method explicit education.Chapter four refers to experience of the scientific method explicit education from the teaching material of other versions, and puts forward some ideas of improvement about the insufficient part of the explic itness of the scientific method and cites some examples.For different subjects, we will use different methods in explicitness of the teaching material by combining with characteristics of the students’ thinking development. Experimental method and mathematical method are belonging to the conventional approach, so we can add mini table or special subject at the end of the chapter in the teaching material to manifest them. In this paper, so me cases study of “infinitesimal method ” and “ratio definit ion method”, they directly manifest the scientific method of the implicit processing by the notation. It also takes “inductive and deductive method ” for example to design adding the special subject of scientific method to manifest the scientific method.It mainly uses the primary improved method of “organize the teaching material in the form of the scientific method as the main line ” to manifest the logical method and it can summary the method by the way of adding the special subject of the scientific methods. In this paper, it puts the logical method of obtaining the physical concept and laws from high school physics as the main line to organize the teaching material. Taking the chapter of electromagnetic induction in the “Shanghai” edition for example, it puts forward some improved measures of textbook compilation. It also proposes other measures of improving the explicitness of the scientific method, such as: introducing the case of using the scientific method to solve the practical problem, according to need to introduce a new idea of the scientific method to students, and opening the special subject of the primary physicists ‘methodology, such as: Galileo, Kepler, N ewton, Faraday, Einstein and so on. If the part is benefit for the explicit education of the scientific method, it will be promoted, so that it can optimize the explic it strategy of the scientific method education in the textbook compilation.