Fair And Just Two Dimensions And Its Contemporary Value

The justice theory of Rawls has a great and far-reaching influence on the development of western ethics even the whole philosophy. It's a sign of Meta-ethics turning to Normative Ethics. Research on the theory of justice has important theoretical significances and practical values.Based on the research on the theory of Justice, this essay mainly analyses the theory in two dimensions, one dimension is the appeal of equality, and also Rawls puts forward equality and justice based on the alteration of western modern liberalism theory. The theme of justice begins from freedom to equality, and stipulates the basic freedom that citizens should have in righteous society, moreover, it defines the minimum range of equality, follows the rule of maximum and minimum value, and also ensures the freedom of the most disadvantaged persons to the maximum extent. The other dimension is the realization of the institutional arrangement, and based on the correct understanding of Rawls so-called institutional connotation, we explore the way of realizing institutional justice , which regards distribution as the only measure, and also we let the government to play a main role during that course. To make further efforts to fully understand the relationship between the system justice and righteousness, and the formation of the individual sense of justice under the institutional arrangements will be beneficial to social stability and lasting justice of the whole social.The value of justice has universality. Fairness and justice not only are the important components in Marxism axiology, but also are the essential requirement of social democracy. The intention of researching the two dimensions of justice is in order to hold the true meaning of John Rawls' justice theory and seek after what it could bring to building a harmonious society in China. We may realize equality and justice through below aspects: equal value orientation, system construction, distribution of rights and interests, and the concern of social disadvantaged group. Reference to the Western theory, we need to recognize the differences thoughts between China and Western countries; based on our national conditions that China is on the social transition period, we should realize the limitation and insufficient of Rawls'theory of justice which focuses on system constructions externally and takes no account of individual cultivation on virtue. So we should combine Rawls'theory of justice and McIntyre's virtue ethics together. In order to achieve fairness and justice and social stability, we need to not only build complete system, and meet the needs of system justice, but also cultivate individual justice sense continuously, and use the standpoint of the communalism to make up the limitation and insufficiency of Rawls' theory, and also improve virtues of ourselves constantly.