| Democracy is an important aspect of political philosophy. From the historical perspective, democracy has been extensively studied by the worldwide scholars in different phases, but the results vary significantly. In the new era of China's conducting reform and opening up policy as well as building up a well-off society in all respects, democracy is still considered to be the key point in the country's political construction. According to the Report to the Seventeenth National Congress of CPC in regard of unswervingly developing socialist democracy,"People's democracy is the lifeblood of socialism","As an important part of the overall reform, political restructuring must be constantly depended along with economic and social development to adapt to the growing enthusiasm of the people for participation in political affairs... We must keep to the leadership of the Party, the position of the people as masters of the country, and the rule of law. We must uphold and improve the system of people's congresses..."The report reveals the Party and the country's emphasis on the sovereignty of the people, and puts forward upholding and improving the system of people's congresses as well as promoting the institutionalization, standardization and formalization of democratic politics. Formalization is a democratic theory with Chinese characteristics which integrates Marxist Theory of Popular Sovereignty with the concrete conditions of China. Therefore, further studies on it would have great practical significance in enhancing the level of democracy, perfecting the concrete measures of realizing democracy, and ensuring the people's position as masters of the country both in content and in form. From an ideological point of view, China's democracy mainly emphasizes the sovereignty of the people. It is the inheritance and innovation of Marxist Theory of Popular Sovereignty.In this thesis the author tries to clarify the practical significance of the Theory of Popular Sovereignty through the demonstration of the formation, the core content and the breakthrough of Marxist Theory of Popular Sovereignty in China. Through the rational analysis of various points of view on Marxist Theory of Popular Sovereignty, this thesis tries to inherit its new perspectives critically, and provides comments and suggestions on the role of the Theory of Popular Sovereignty in building socialist democracy with Chinese characteristics.Specifically, this thesis is divided into four chapters centering on Marxist Theory of Popular Sovereignty. Chapter I mainly discusses the relationship between the democratic ideas in ancient Greece, Rousseau's political thought, and the Theory of Separation of Powers with Marxist Theory of Popular Sovereignty. It also deals with the similarities and differences of their opinions on the thought of the sovereignty of the people. Focusing on the analysis of Marx's related works, Chapter II demonstrates the basic perspectives of Marxist Theory of Popular Sovereignty. In Chapter III, the author tries to prove that the unique thought of the sovereignty of the people originates from Marx's Theory of Historical Materialism. It emphasizes on the basis of civil societies of that thought, the relationship among the thought of the sovereignty of the people, the thought that people create the history, and the theory of class struggles. In this way, it explores Marx's Theory of Historical Materialism in his Theory of Popular Sovereignty. Chapter IV comprehensively discusses the relationship between Marxist Theory of Popular Sovereignty and the adaptation of Marxism to conditions in China with Chinese democracy in different phases. It not only observes the Party and the government's thought of the sovereignty of the people on the basis of Marxism, but also provides a detailed analysis of the various features of the people's democratic dictatorship with Chinese characteristics in contemporary time. |
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