Reform And Opening Up 30-year-old Experience And Reflection

In 1978, the Party held the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, which ushered in the new historical period of the socialist modernization. Reform and opening up,as a major decision,comes first of all from the reflection of the "Cultural Revolution". The "Cultural Revolution" made the party,country and the people suffer serious setbacks and losses, leaving immense pressure of international competition to China;the decision of reform and opening up also comes from emancipating the mind, because at that time we had implemented the shift from the "two whatevers" to seeking truth from facts in theory.China has scored achievements in reform and opening up that have captured world attention. We have implemented the shift successfully from a highly centralized planned economy to a vibrant socialist market economic system,from closed and semi-closed to an open all-round. Outstanding achievements have been made in the economic,political,cultural,educational,national defenses and foreign affairs. In the process of reform and opening up, there are many successful experience as well as lessons and shortcomings. The purpose of summing up experience and lessons are to face the future.By reviewing the course of reform and opening up,this article summarizes its great achievements,draws on its basic experience,analyses its problems,and points out that only by following the guidance of the Scientific Outlook on Development can we promote the development of reform and opening up further healthily. The article is divided into three parts.Chapter one:the review of the course of reform and opening up. Reform and opening up has gone through five stages of development, namely, the proposal of reform and opening up and the initial implementation;the sweeping reform as the center of the city; summing up experience and adjusting rectification;the establishment of the socialist market economic system;the overall advancement stage in order to build a well-off society and build a harmonious socialist society. The great achievements of reform and opening up reflect in many aspects,such as, the basic framework of the socialist market economic system has been set up, the successful historical turning point has been implemented from closed and semi-closed to an open all-round, overall national strength has come to a new level,living standards have become well-off level, and so on.Chapter two:the basic experience. The basic experience of reform and opening-up are as follows: emancipating the mind is the important magic weapon; adhering to the Four Cardinal Principles is the political guarantee;the socialism's national conditions based on the primary stage is the basic prerequisite;institutional innovation is strong power;sticking yo the supremacy of the people is the fundamental principal;gradual reform model is an effective way of the smooth development of Chinese society;the change of the economic development strategies and the fully play of the comparative advantages are essential path;and the opportunities brought by economic globalization and the advantage of our own are the important cause.Chapter three:the guidance of the Scientific Outlook on Development. In the process of reform and opening up,there have been some difficulties and problems:the shortage of resources,a serious waste,environmental pollution,ecological debt burden,the imbalance in economic and social development,the new issues that the ruling party faces, and over-emphasis on economic reform, neglecting its integrity. So, in future, with the Scientific Outlook on Development as the guidance, we should continually promote the development of the cause of reform and opening up further healthily.