Urbanization Process Of Landless Peasants In The Mechanism Of Social Stratification Of Empirical Research

China is a large agricultural country. The land is the basic means of production and the foundation of farmers for the life. And speeding up the process of urbanization will become the impetus of China's economic and social development before the full realization of a well-off society in 2020. The accelerated process of urbanization means that a large number of agricultural land will be transformed into non-agricultural land and more farmers will become the landless-farmers separated from the land . In a certain sense,the occurrence of the landless-farmers is an inevitable phenomenon of the economic and social development.As rational persons, the landless-farmers made different choices and obtained different life opportunities during the course of transforming into the urban residents after the land had been taken. So they got access to different economic status and prestige status and the gap between the upper and the lower is larger than that of owning the land. But the power status and education status did not display marked difference. Urbanization and industrialization have provided a wide social space and market opportunities for the landless-farmers transferring to non-agricultural vocation and have created some occupational groups in different social level. The owners of private enterprises have received benefit most in the process of urbanization and they are in the upper deck. But the majority of landless-farmers are in the lower deck who take fragmentary manual or semi-manual labour in the cities or villages, have no jobs and lose their jobs on the brink of urban society.This social stratification was resulted from the common role of national policies, geographical location, family background,human capital, social capital, the power-the marketability and social cognition. Among them, human capital, social capital and social cognition were the main stratification mechanism. The limitation of the history and the obstacles to system made a considerable part of landless-farmers degenerated into the social bottom inevitably, which has became an urgent attention and facing social problem in the process of urbanization. The government, as the main guide and promoter of the process,has an unshirkable responsibility and should create a good system environment and social conditions actively to build a vigorous and dynamic social stratification structure.