On The Causes And Impact Of Russia's Authoritarian Political Regression

Authoritarianism, which appears in the modern process, is a kind of mild despotism form that is situated between democratic government system and totalitarianism government system. As a kind of transitional type political form from traditional despotic system to the modern democratic system, authoritarianism can play so positive part that cannot be replaced for the success of modernization. In the background, Russia has also selected the authoritarianism development road in politics under insisting the precondition of democratic political and market economy.Authoritarianism in Russia has long history and deep cultural origin, and its regress after momentary lose is also the inevitable requirement of Russian realistic development. Establishment a kind of authoritarianism system that suits domestic political, economic and cultural conditions, would promote the economic development and raise the level of country's comprehensive power under the prerequisite of the achievement the stabilization. This becomes the Russian political strategy to realizing the national revival.The major thought of Russian authoritarianism is to resume the. necessary guidance function and the adjusting control of nation, as well as to sparkplug the national authority under the democratic and free social system. To establish market economic and democratic politics is its value goal, so the authoritarianism has more "modernity" than former authoritative regime. It doesn't be the authoritarianism politics in the traditional meaning again, while it is a kind of political structural pattern that adapts to the development of economic and society in the Russian transitional period. In fact, authoritarianism has played very important role in realizing national stabilization, prompting the economic development and enhancing the power of Russia. It has offered the guarantee on politics for the Russia to revive, and the combination of authoritarianism and great nation doctrine has also produced profound influence on the international strategy of Russia.At the same time, the features of Russian authoritarianism have also shown that Russian political system has some abuse and weakness. Authoritative government system is only an outcome under special times and special condition, and dose not definitely suits any times. Along with the development of economy and society, authoritarianism as a kind of politicalform, also has the problem of development, and gets the challenge of times. Only making political authority establish in the orbit of law, and maintaining the relative balance of authoritarianism system, its inherent advantage could be brought to play fully. But under the complex domestic situation as well as the unique political cultural tradition and humanity background of Russia, exploring a road to march toward the authoritarianism of legal principle, is still very difficult.The thesis can be divided into introduction and 5 other parts.The introduction explains mainly the research technique and the theoretical basis of this thesis.The first part introduces the definition of authoritarianism in theory.This part makes relatively clear definition of authoritarianism, summarizes the character of it, and discusses the positive function of authoritarianism to boost the modernization especially the after-occur and outside-source type, which is the theoretical basis of the thesis.The second part recounts the process of authoritarianism development in Russian transitional period.In 1980's, Mikhail Gorbachev put forward "reform and new thinking". The liberalism in political culture became mainstream, which has reformed the political pattern of centralization of state power of the Soviet Union thoroughly. But the energy of liberalism releasing makes the development of democratic politics has fallen into difficult condition. The stern reality made Russia return to the road of authoritarianism again. Via the development of Yeltsin times and Putin times, authoritarianism has realized Russian political situation stable successfully, and strengthened the authority of national regime system in each field of society. In the future, authoritarianism will still be the center of gravity that would dominate Russian political development.The third part makes all-sides analysis and summary on the reasons that lead to the regress of Russian authoritarianism.The part dissects the deep reasons from the sides of history, cultural source and reality. Authoritarianism in Russia have long history, and national authority is always the leadingstrength of Russian social development since the tsars goes to the Soviet Russian that goes to today again. At the same time, Russia also has deep authoritarianism cultural origin. Under the influence of Byzantium culture, eastern despotism and centralization doctrine thoughts occupied dominant position in the Russian culture and political ideology of people for a long period. By the force of recovery social order, promote economic and political transition and resume great national status; authoritarianism became the realistic option of Russia again.The fourth part analyzes the influence and performance of Russian authoritarianism.This part analyzes the influence from the 3 aspects of economy, politics and diplomacy. In general, as after-occur oriented modernization country, authoritarianism played very positive part in the economic transition of Russia, and became the necessary means to regulate and coordinate the society. What's more, it had important point in realizing country politics stable, influencing the establishment and enforcement of diplomatic strategy of Russian. At the same time, we should also see some negative factors that authoritarianism has, such as the negative effect of the presidential centralization system.The fifth part summarizes the above parts, and probes into the development prospect of Russian authoritarianism.This part points out the character of Russian authoritarianism. On this foundation, we get a conclusion that authoritarianism in Russia has long history and deep cultural origin, and its regress after momentary lose is also the inevitable requirement of Russian realistic development. According to reality of Russia at present, the situation of authoritarianism will not change. But with the development of economy and the society, authoritarianism certainly will get the challenges of the times.Exploring one road to march toward the authoritarianism that would be established in the orbit of law will be important option of Russia in the future. Referring to the overall trend of political development, establishment a kind of multivariate democracy is the fundamental goal of Russian political system rationalization. It need be promoted through authoritarianism way, with stabilization for core and ruling by law as foundation.