| The comprehension of Marxist nature theories must give priority to their main theories source, among which the nature theories of Hegelian and Feuerbach exercises significant impact on the Marxist nature theories. Marxist nature theories include three aspects, which is, the concern of human interest, social historical characteristics and the interaction of man and nature. The basic standpoint in Marxist nature theories is the dialectic relationship of the unity of opposites between man and nature, which indicates the disparity between different parts of nature. Nature always maintains its dominance and objectivity over man, but different from other living things of nature, man has subjective initiative. Besides, there also exists unity relationship between man and nature, which can be analyzed from three aspects, that is, man and nature form an organic whole; man and nature interact with each other; the relationship between man and nature is closely related with that between man and man. The alienation theories and the liberation theories evolving from Marxist nature theories can also prove the above opinions.Marxist nature theories play a significant role in the whole Marxist theories system, closely connected with Marxist philosophy, Marxist political economics, and scientific socialism. With regard to Marxist philosophy, Marxist nature theories embody important principles of methodology, i.e. natural ontology and social ontology. As regards Marxist political economics, the Surplus value theories reflect the alienation relationship between man and nature. As the target of Marxist theories system, scientific socialism is concerned with the liberation of man and nature.Marxist nature conception further acquires new meanings in the modernization process, which shows itself in two aspects: the influence upon the modern social theories and the contemporary social practices. Frankfurt School is the main representative of modern social theories, which explores the issues onMarxist ontology, social historical characteristics and the liberation of man from the philosophical perspective. And ecological socialism develops the eco-social paradigms adapting Marxist natural theory to the analysis of the contemporary ecological problems. On the other hand, the realistic meaning of Marxist nature theories mainly lies in its consciousness of the ecological crisis. Ecological crisis is a new reflection of the relationship between man and nature. There have emerged a lot of theories about the origin and settlements of ecological crisis, but most of them are too one-sided or lack an overall correct understanding of the basic relationship between man and nature. Thus Marxist nature theories are powerful weapons in helping us to understand and solve ecological crisis, and of great significance in both theories and practices as concerned with the present social development of China. During the developing process of Chinese society, only by property handling the relationship between social development and ecological environment can social progress be really achieved. |
