Deng Xiaoping Error Concept Study

The thesis discusses the history and present situation of the error problem, and analyzes the origin, formation and significance of Deng Xiaoping's view of error. It focuses on Deng Xiaoping's rational thinking of the types of error, the factors that led to the rise of errors, the rules of differentiating between correctness and error, correcting errors, the methods & principles of avoiding errors and the scientific attitude to errors. Deng Xiaoping has a reasonable, objective and thorough discussion about the political errors in different periods, such as the error of "left" and right, "double all", the understanding of socialism, the errors and mistakes in education and economic development, Mao Zedong's errors in his later years and Deng Xiaoping's own mistakes. Firstly, Deng Xiaoping pointed out the historical, ideological, practical and institutional factors resulting in errors. Secondly, he put forward the practical criteria of differentiating between correctness and error, the criteria of "three benefits" and differentiating "right" and left in politics. Thirdly, he expounded a series of principles and methods about how to bring errors under control and correct errors, such as correcting errors resolutely when one has errors, correcting errors by oneself, being friendly to the people who has errors and helping them to correct errors, no punishing those who have errors and be prudent in punishing those who have errors. Finally, he pays much attention to the principles of avoiding errors in ideology and practice ^specially he focus on the principle of avoiding errors from the aspect of institutional and artificial factors. What's more, he shows clearly that reform and development are the keys to solve all problems .From the Deng Xiaoping's rational thinking, we can obtain a thorough knowledge of his scientific attitude to errors: facing errors objectively and fairly, making innovations boldly, taking scientific measures to avoid making serious errors, being confident in putting errors in order, summing up experiences and correcting errors.The thesis elaborates the significance of Deng Xiaoping's thought of error from the five following aspects: (1) to understand the error's characteristics; (2) to understand error's scope and extent; (3) to understand the error's multi-level; (4) to recognize relation between error and truth;(5) to make full use of the pattern of marxist practicality.