| The Mongolians'rise in the vast grassland in the Northern part of China during the 13th century was followed by their expansion. It was in that process, the Mongolians were introduced to Tibetan Buddhism. From the mid-13th century, Tibetan area became an administrative region under the central government of the Yuan Dynasty. In terms of culture, the Mongolians totally accepted the Tibetan Buddhist culture. This started a trend of Tibetan Buddhist spreading to the Eastern part of China.The central government of Yuan Dynasty conducted a series of method of administration, such as establishing special institution for managing Tibetan affairs and making the teacher of the emperor the head of the institution, setting up comprehensive institution specially for governing Tibet as well as granting those strong local groups as the "marquis" of over ten thousand households and so on. In short, Tibetan Buddhism played an important part in the politics of the Yuan Dynasty. Meanwhile, the whole dynasty, especially the royal court, esteemed it highly, Tibetan Buddhism not only had become extremely conceited but also had an adverse effect on government and undermine the economy in many aspects.There was only some scattered research on in the issue of the spreading and development of Tibetan Buddhism in the royal court of Yuan Dynasty. This paper carries the research in macroscopic and microcosmic aspect for the purpose of the principle inviting and unfolding the Tibetan Buddhism in the royal court of Yuan Dynasty.This text is divided into three parts:introduction, main text and concluding remark.The introduction part summarizes the significance of topic selection, and research situation of relevance problem.Text part draws up three aspects.Chapter one sets forth the Tibetan Buddhism propagation in Mongolia upper strata. It was in 1247 that Tibetan Buddhism spread to Mongolia when Sakya Pandita Kunga Gyaltsen had an interview with the Mongolia Prince Dodan at Liangzhou. Since then Sakya sect's leader Phagpa had followed Kublai Khan and was promoted to the post of Royal Tutor. The Kagyu tradition, another main sect of Tibetan Buddhism, also had contacts with Mongolia when Kublai Khan made a southward military expedition. In the autumn of 1264, Kublai Khan took Tantra vows of Tibetan Buddhism. This indicted Kublai Khan devoted himself to Tibetan Buddhism. Following his example, Mongolian queens and princes also took Buddhist vows. Worship Tibetan Buddhism became a fashion in Mongolia upper strata. This chapter aims at the relationship of the Tibetan Buddhism with the Mongolia upper strata, and the formation of the Mongolian relationship with the Tibetan in some details. The second chapter systematically introduces the performance of worship and belief of Tibetan Buddhism in the royal court of Yuan Dynasty. On one hand, the Emperor gave more support to Tibetan Buddhism, which was then represented by Sakya sect. On the other hand, others in the royal court of Yuan Dynasty also did their utmost to be engaged in all kinds of Buddhist ceremony.The third chapter discusses the effects of worship and belief of Tibetan Buddhism in the royal court of Yuan Dynasty. First of all, there is an evident effect on the life of royal court. What's more, it also affects the policies taken by the imperial court. Thirdly, it has an impact on other faiths in the royal court of Yuan Dynasty.Why Mongolia upper strata revere Tibetan Buddhism? Several point analysis in the concluding remarks can help us gain a better insight of the problem. The concluding remarks have reached a conclusion:Tibetan Buddhism and the monk are bringing the important effect, and basis being the past dynasties ruler works out frontier policy into play in national unity. The rule of Yuan Dynasty together with the Tibetan Buddhism of attorney produced a profound influence throughout the whole Tibet region. The administrative model over Tibet of Yuan Dynasty had taken over by the later Ming and Qing Dynasty for the governing of Tibet. |
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