| The thoughts about primitive nature,the essences,the fundamental strength,the root causes,the final basis,the most universal existence of the world and egos in this article are ontology.Searching for the originally basic nature of ego and the world and seeking after for the meaning of life is the fundamental purpose of philosophy.In this era of science and rationality,human's hearts are still faced with the deficiencies of meaning of life system.Ontology of Western philosophy with the flawed methodology in a quagmire makes the ontology of exploration towards to the East.Ontology of Buddhist philosophy is the most extensive and profound.In the three big Buddhist systems,Tibet Buddhist philosophy is most complete on the ontology.Through the full inheritance to the Indian Buddhist ontology and accepting the Chinese Zen,Tibetan Buddhism established a rich,ultra-thinking ontology system. Most sect of Tibetan Buddhism regarded the originally basic soul(Tath(?)gata-garbha) as the basic nature.Bka gdanspa and Gelugpa think the Tath(?)gata-garbha is empty,just saying.As far as the former is concerned,ontology is built from insight,holding, behavior and consequence,which are four aspects.The structure also includes the reason,method and consequence,which are three processes.In such a dynamic, multidimensional structure,the originally basic nature(the basic soul, Tath(?)gata-garbha,eighth consciousnesses.) has four levels:Core of nature,essence and image,role.Under the principle of methodology of golden mean and Advaita Vedanta(No distinction doctrine),the four aspects and the three processes are combined into one.Under the principle of methodology of the no difference and Absolute and relative significance,Absolute world and secular world are ultimately united,reincarnation and Nirvana are not distinction,the real and the unreal are the same.Regarding the latter,all of things and egos are empty in secular and the absolute sense;this thought also is one kind of ontology without originally basic nature.Tibetan Buddhist ontology showed a continuous improvement process.In Front Promotion Period,Santiraksita held that consciousness and object are empty In the absolute sense.Mahayana held that soul is the Buddhism originally basic soul;brtsegs maintain that originally basic soul is self-evident,hGo Chos grub regarded Tath(?)gata-garbha as the supreme nature.In latter Promotion Period,Nyingmapa regarded the basic soul as originally basic nature,which is eighth consciousness,Tath(?)gata-garbha,and so did Sa-skya pa, Bka'-brgyud pa,and Jo-mo-nang pa.Some small Buddhist factions,such as Zhi-byedpa,Gcod-yulhpa,Ko-bragpa,Zha-lupa,bo-dongpa all thought the Tath(?)gata-garbha as originally basic nature.Bon-bo regarded Bon-body as originally basic nature.The late 18th century,Nonsectarian movement went to reconcile sectarian thinking.In the first half of the 20th century,Gengdunqunpei holding the new methods doubted the traditional authority.Tibetan Buddhism methodology is diversified,including Middle way doctrine,the Doctrine of empty,Absolute and relative doctrine,No distinction doctrine,the Reasons-results origin theory,the Doctrine of transforming awareness into wisdom, Nirvana methodology,and so on.These exceeded the Western methodology of philosophy,which built the philosophy only on the methodology of the method of thinking.Tibetan Buddhism methodology goes beyond the restrictions of logic and language,and as a breakthrough to the principles of the mode of thinking,Tibetan Buddhism methodology go beyond the usual mode of time and space,beyond the points of the subject and object,and established the ultimate meaning of life.Tibetan Buddhist ontology and the methodology can reveal the thinking of Western philosophy and the establishment of the ontology and the current methodology. It can also inspire the building of significance of human life.Tibetan Buddhism and Buddhist philosophy should be developed,following the times,according to the principle of equality,rational development. |
