Hu Shi Language Education Thought

Hu Shi is one of the Chinese language education reform earlier workers, who introduces the Western education theory the earliest. He has facilitated the reform of the school system in the 1920s'by the open field of vision, the advanced theory, the bold innovation,and has impelled the transformation from the tradition to the modern of Chinese language education.He has made the tremendous contribution for the Chinese language education modernization.Hu Shi makes the comprehensive conception of the goal, the content, the teaching material and the teaching law by the equality, the independence, the free thought penetration. Hu Shi's language education thought includes two major parts:curriculum and teaching view. In the curriculum goal, he requests to achieve"everybody can use the national language (vernacular)to express the publication thought freely", and uses the vernacular breaking the literary style monopoly.He has placed the national language teaching to the most important position and established the national language and the curriculum of speech and debating. In the curriculum content, he opposes firmly to read the Confucian classics, by the historical judgment regarding Confucian classics .He emphasizes that the Confucian classics haven't been fully studied, so we cannot teache them to the student. He advocates the literature teaching, because the literature can promote the unification of national language , can strengthen the interesting of teaching , can influence the thought emotion gradually. Hu Shi attentions the language knowledge teaching, he realized"the grammar is the shortcut of teaching language", but the traditional language teaching has neglected this point exactly.He advocates that establish the grammar system of national language, but also appeals to establish the punctuation mark system of modern Chinese,which can advance national language movement ,normalize language teaching and enhance the teaching efficiency.Hu Shi's reform opinion of compiling teaching material is using the vernacular to substitute literary style. On choosing the article literature style, the novel, the prose, the play primarily are the major. If the existing article is insufficient, oneself creates or translates the foreign country literary work to supplement.In the teaching method, Hu Shi emphasizes that the student's main body status must be respected, and trains the ability of studying independently.On reading teaching, Hu Shi opposes the"spoon-feeding"educational model, uses"reads"replacing"says reads", proposes that the habits of study are"industrious, cautious, modest, doubtful", trains the student's power of questioning and clearing up suspicions independently. On writing teaching, he does not request students to complete the thesis in the classroom and gives them the biggest freedom,encouraging their proposition and the correspondence.The article, the diary, the note and so on all may become the thesis training form, which tries hard to let the student express the true feelings and publishe thoughts freely.On spoken language teaching, the training of speaking in public and debating manifestes the language education thought of"teacheing the live language by the live law", which strengthens the relation between language teaching and life.While studying Hu Shi language education thought, the paper also does the crosswise comparison research with Ye Shengtao's language education thought on the nature of subject, the content of course and the teaching method to proves the rationality of Hu Shi thought.The past research mainly collects the materials and introduces Hu Shi ideological content , but has shortcomings of fragmentarily and incomprehension.The paper mainly bases on "Hu Shi Anthology" 12 volumes, "Hu Shi Autobiography", "Hu Shi Critical biography", "Hu Shi Diary" and so on the first materia by the literature analytic method and comparative lawl.On the basis of massively reading firsthand information foundation, the paper comparatively analysizes to promulgate the background, formation process and structure system of Hu Shi language education thought, takes effort to make comprehensive, systematical analysis and unfolds the complete picture of Hu Shi language education thought.Hu Shi language education thought has certain foresightedness, not only had instructed the1920's language education reforms, but also has been the model and the guiding sense to the contemporary language education development.