Soviet Sculpture Education Model In The Impact Of The New China

At the beginning of New China founded in 1949, everything needs to be reconstructed from the ruins. Due to the constraints from the political and diplomatic international relationships and the ideological influences, the New China Government adopted the diplomatic policy by leaning to the Soviet Union(USSR) in almost all the aspects, e.g. political, economic, and cultural areas etc. As a consequence, the Chinese sculptural field also learned from the USSR in the various ways. The most realistic and influencing channels are the sculptural workshop hold by USSR experts and sending sculptural students to USSR. In this paper, by studying in depth the above two channels, the author systematically analysis the essentials of the education model of sculpture in the USSR and its influences upon the New China's sculpture education.Due to the shortage of historical materials and the lacking of researches on this subject, this paper mainly adopts the ways of dictating history, sociological investigation as well as the filed information. As a result, this paper illuminates the process of the formation the USSR community and identifies the essentials and characteristics of the USSR sculpture educational model by studying the teaching objectives, systems and courses of the USSR sculpture education. The conclusion is: the USSR sculpture education model ever played far-reaching influences on the New China's sculptural education and teaching, and dominated the French's gradually in the 2nd half of 20th century. The USSR sculpture education model accelerated the formation of the Chinese sculptural education system, the amendments of courses and the rationalization of teaching steps, the improvements of training methods of basic and creative teaching, and thus helped the normalization of the Chinese sculpture education.In this paper, the author also found that the education and teaching of Chinese sculpture did not follow the USSR completely by analyzing the Chinese art education as a whole. The localized exploration in sculpture never stops since 1950s and even shows a diverse evolution after the Chinese Economic Reform.