| Macherey is an important member of Western Marxists, and he is the first critic of Althusserian. His The Theory of Literary Production>was published in 1966, and from then on, it has been popular in the western world. Because of this, he became an important loop in the chain of the art production theory.His success profited mainly from three mentors, who are Marx, Althusser, and Spinoza. Marxism is the soul that has always lingered around Macherey. The theory that social existence determines social consciousness and the practice opinion in the historical materialism, are both the starting point of Macherey's aesthetic system. As the mentor, Althusser plays an important role in the forming and development of Macherey's theory. His statements about the falsehood of ideology and about the ideology nation machine directly influence the road which Macherey went on.The whole process of his theory are can be divided into three stages: in the first stage, he directly affected by Althusser and thought that literature is confronting ideology; in the second stage, he rejected his former stand and turn to the opposite. He thought literature is not confronting but constructing ideology. In the last stage, from the 1980s on, he modified his radical opinions and went out of the ideology frame. He began to connect literature and philosophy in the The Object of Literature.If in the first and second stages, Macherey's theory is in the frame of Althusser's epistemology, then in the last stage he has eventually surpassed this frame. In the first two stages, his discussion is always about ideology, either infighting it or constructing it. This is obviously the explanation and development of Althusser's discourse. In the 1980's, he broke from ideology at last and divert to philosophy. This can be seen in his literature theory in this period. From the 1990's on, he addicted his full energy into philosophy.The theory of Art Production is an important view in the theory of Western Marxism. Four of the theorists have inherited the opinion of Marx and go on searching. And their efforts have made the theory more and more mature. Macherey plays an important role in this theory, his The Theory of Literary Production became popular in the English world after published in 1966.Derida and Barter are often regarded as the leaders of the movement of deconstruction. But in fact, Macherey is also of an essential role in this field. |
