New Text Book Of Meaning Extension

Jinwen Shangshu contains many believable ancient Chinese prose in Shang Dynasty and Zhou Dynasty. It majors in recording speeches and systematically reflects the style and features of the language of that time. As one of initial Chinese literature handed down from ancient times, Jinwen Shangshu has irreplaceable and precious value on language materials.Most words in Jinwen Shangshu are from semantic extension, which typically reflects the development of the word meaning during this time. Until now, we still cannot find systematic research on the extension of semantic meaning of Jinwen Shangshu. There are many questions on the principle and type of the extension of semantic meaning in ancient Chinese, which still needs further research. Thus systematic research on the extension of semantic meaning of Jinwen Shangshu, not only may fill in the research blank of the extension of semantic meaning of the antiquity Chinese in special book, but also has the theory value to the ancient Chinese word construction and the development of word meaning.Most words in Jinwen Shangshu are monosyllabic, which primarily are polysemy. The word meaning can be analyzed. This article includes three chapters. According to the theory of metonymy and metaphor and conversion, and drawing support from the research results of cognition linguistics, it makes the exhausting classification research on the extension of semantic meaning of Jinwen Shangshu. Then it deduces that the intrinsic power of the semantic change and development is language user's metonymy and metaphor thought. Certainly, conversion helps to explain the evolution of the word meaning more thoroughly.As the source literature, Jinwen Shangshu nearly has had all the extension type in modern Chinese. There are phenomena of synchronous extension and reciprocal extension in Jinwen Shangshu, which to some extent has reflected the mutual influence and the seepage between the different word meanings in their variation process. It has been induced that there are two modes in Jinwen Shangshu, which are"extendable mode of the radiation"and"extendable mode of the chain". The latter is more. The situation that contains both modes is extremely rare. These phenomena without doubt have the important inspiration function to Chinese glossary history.This article mainly unifies the method of the exhausting statistical analysis and comparison on language examples, the method of the induction and the deduction, and unifies the method of the description and the explanation.