The Word "body Of The Occurrence And Formation,

"The origin of Ci(词)" is a proposition discussed so far continuously from Tang dynasty to today, but various opinions did not come to final and common conclusion.Few scholars' writings of Tang and the Five dynasties had touched on the viewpoint that the origin of Ci was rooted in civilian. But it was not a real academic proposition until Song dynasty. From Song to Qing, relevant discussions can be summed up to 3 routes and 3 viewpoints. One is the headstream of "long and short sentences" based on style, the other two are "Ci derived from sound poetry" and "new Ci derived from Hu-yue(胡乐) " based on the relationship between sound poetry's music and word. Among these, "Ci derived from sound poetry" brought the greatest influence. In 20th century, relevant research still was not beyond forefathers' scope. The difference is that the influence of "new Ci derived from Hu-yue" was increasingly strong and became the main viewpoint of them. From which derived "Yan-yue(燕乐) brought new Ci". The viewpoint that "Ci from civilian" gradually got more attention. However, it lacks of full and accurate demonstrative information.Each of these opinions has gain and lose. We can obtain many hints from them, meanwhile, there exist a lot of faults and shortcomings. Each of them can be taken as one of the source of Ci. However, we can not have the partial opinion that each of them is the main source. Thus, we still need to take a further discussion on "the origin of Ci".There is a "disorderly sentence system" in Chinese poesy. The difference is, with the development of history, Chinese form and music's internal constitution of disorderly sentences have taken continuous change. First, as far as its Chinese form is concerned, in pre-Qing, they are almost made up of four words, occasionally other-number words occur. From Han to the Six dynasties, the outstanding characteristic of them lie in two aspects, one is that they are formed by several words which have the same number, the other is that formed by several different words which have the same number. In a word, almost all of them have certain regularity. Second, as far as its music's internal constitution is concerned, it mostly embodied in language combination. In pre-Tang, even-word sentences consist of several two-word steps, and odd-word sentences consist of two-word steps and compound steps.However, Dun-Huang civilian songs are different in the above two aspects. First, we can not find any regularity in their Chinese forms. Second, there exist many opposite language combinations in them. So, we can say, Ci is a new style, and it occurs in Dun-Huang civilian songs. Furthermore, comparing the scholar Ci in Song, Tang and the Five dynasties, and Dun-Huang civilian songs, we can find that the origin of scholar Ci also lies in Dun-Huang civilian songs.In Sui and Tang dynasties, Civilian Ci entered scholar layer in various ways, and aroused scholars' notices, promoted the springing of scholar Ci . The prosperous of it appeared at the end of Tang and the Five dynasties, which correlated with the dark of society, the different fate of south and north scholar, north scholars' moving to south and a lot of them indulging in wine. The final form of Ci appeared in a gradual course. It started from the middle and the end of Tang scholars, enhanced by the Five dynasties scholars, and accomplished by Song scholars. From Tang to Song, since a great deal of scholars lack of music knowledge indited Ci, they indited it from according to "music" to according to "tone". So, Ci had gradually become the final form.