Modern Chinese "/" Research

Through observing the use of "zhe/na" and other relative words in modern Chinese language, the writer of the thesis hope to find out influencing factors to uzhe/na" and other relative words and how to interact of these factors basing on cognitive linguistics, psychology and recent Chinese linguistics theories. The basic conclusions are: There are two kinds of influencing factors to "zhe/na" and other relative words, one is distance factor, the other is context factor. The former includes distance in time, space and psychology; the latter is distance in context essentially, and there is its own features. Both the two factors can be explained by the theory of "target and background": Target refers to the one you pay attention to, and others are in background. The thing or the person that you choose "zhe" to refer to or substitute is the one of the targets ; the thing or the person that you choose "na" to refer to or substitute is the one in background. In a paragraph, situations are more complexer. We want to draw the concepts and the theory of "force" from physics to explain the use of "zhe/na". We must distinguish the powers and directions of all the factors. When two forces are contrary in directions and equal in powers, it will be called neutralization of "zhe/na". Generally, "zhe" is unmarked and "na" is marked, however, when they are looked as articles, it is difficult to tell which one is marked or unmarked. Besides these, what we discuss include the influence of narrative manners to the use of "zhe/na", the combination of kzhe/na" and personal pronouns, time nouns and cognitive explanations.