Confucius, Xunzi Rating Outlook. Comparative Study

Hierarchy in ancient China has a long history. The ancient Chinese society have hierarchy in different stages of development. Hierarchy occupies very important position in ancient China, whether the Patriarchal hierarchy in the Zhou dynasty or the Feudal hierarchy since the warring states period. The two representative figure of Confucian, Confucius in Spring and autumn period and Xunzi During the warring states period have unique Hierarchy ideas, Confucius emphasized the kindheartedness and the etiquette on kingdom, and Xunzi emphasized the etiquette and the law. But they both take the ritual as an important guidelines and policies of a country. And in fact, the ritual essence is grades. That is admit the necessity of level, hope people to voluntary compliance with the social hierarchy, division in everyone in his grade status, everyone in its points and doing his own job, not to trespass the high level than their rank, adherence to this level eligible enjoy the materialization of forms, such as car take optimizations, etc. Confucius and Xunzi all hope rating system can be used as maintaining social order, to maintain effective national orderly operation rule means and methods and exist. But from Confucius to Xunzi, has experienced a time changes and social transformation. This paper tries to put comparison of hierarchy ideas of Confucius and Xunzi, dedicated to the study the main contents of hierarchy of Confucius and Xunzi, tries to explore the change from Confucius to Xunzi and the reasons of the changes. Through comparing the similarities and differences between the hierarchy ideas, analysis concluded that the new factor of Xunzi added, this is also where the innovation points in this paper.This article mainly divided into four parts:the first part, it simply studies germination and development of hierarchy ideas. Secondly.this part will focus on the function of hierarchy ideas that identify similarities and differences with etiquette of Confucius and Xunzi,this part as a connecting link between the preceding and the following.The second part, the hierarchy ideas of Confucius is analyzed. This paper firstly analyzes the historical and times in Confucius'background, points out that from the western zhou dynasty to the spring and autumn period prevalent family system analysis, and has begun to decline of her downfall. As a political and economic entity,clan decline lead to the decline of hierarchy ideas of western zhou dynasty. Emperors can't restrain the power under the governors, dukes or princes under the emperor who optional destroy etiquette and music system. Secondly, because Confucius hope to have the blood to collapse in the patriarchal hierarchy for bond resumed up, so need theoretical interpretation level, and necessity of the analects, have comparatively rough scattered relevant expositions. Finally, based on the analysis and investigation of Confucius words, it is concluded that the standard grade that Confucius is blood. Confucius from the most basic of blood affection by home for countries to relationships between adults promotion of filial piety, forming Qinqin to Zunzun be as the main contents of the patriarchal hierarchy. This is a dream of Confucius. Confucius hope that through recovery the state system of the western zhou dynasty to reverse a good state system, and the idea is very good but deviate from the trend of The Times.The third part, hierarchy ideas of Xunzi is discussed. First is the analysis of the background of the political reform movement, the warring states period are related by blood patriarchal hierarchy makes replaced by military Jungongjue system, the old blood noble decline. The disintegration of the warring states period, individual family constantly family generalization. Blood family instead of the Bianhuqimin, the blood clan system turn to feudal countries state. Xunzi in order to adapt to such a change for their hierarchy ideas include new factors. Secondly, the paper talked about hierarchy ideas main content of Xunzi. Man and animals from the different illuminate of, and then runs to excavate Xunzi talked about hierarchy ideas is based on the theory of the Weiqifeiqi theory is neat. In the final analysis, the new standard grade is Pinfu and Guijian. Xunzi had adding Pinfu as the economic factors, on the other hand, Guijian as the political factors. Such new hierarchies standards, is actually the negation of blood patriarchal hierarchy and breach, with the time development trend.Fourth part, explore the changes of hierarchy ideas from Confucius to Xunzi and analyzes the reason of its changes. First, points out the consistent line between Confucius and Xunzi. On the one hand, Confucius and xunzi all approve of taking the ceremony as the means of grade to maintain social order. On the other hand, Confucius and xunzi advocated express hierarchy with materialized way. Secondly, it is pointed out that the change of hierarchy ideas from Confucius to Xunzi, the division standard has from blood to Pinfuguijian. And points out the hierarchy ideas of Xunzi is advanced than Confucius, but its limitations are still not allow to ignore. Then, try from various perspectives the change of hierarchy ideas from Confucius to Xunzi and find out the reason. And put forward a correct method to understand hierarchy ideas of Confucius and Xunzi.