Different Lesions Of The Breast Cancer Before Immunohistochemical Study, A Variety Of Biomarkers

Breast cancer is an one of the most commonly malignant tumor in women. In recent years ,the incidence of breast cancer has presented obviously up-trend. It is proved that the deciding factors of raising the surviving rate of breast cancer and reducing the death rate does not rely completely treat means , early diagnosis is most important. The key of prevention and treatment is how to increase the risk estimate of breast cancer and earlier breast cancers is diagnosed. The epidemiology and clinical research has revealed many closely-related factors of the occurrence of breast cancer , such as the hormone ; cancer gene mutation. Oestrogen receptor (ER) , progesterone receptor (PR) and breast cancer oestrogen induced genen pS2 and oncogene C-erbB-2 and suppressor protein P53 acted the important function in progression of breast cancer. The above-mentioned markers conducted the sign of prognosis and treatment have already had the large quantity research, but they are researched less at premalignant breast disease.This research is with the database (1975 — 2001) of our hospital surgery mammary cases .It included 45 atypical hyperplasias of breast ;50 benign hyperplasias of breast; 46 primary breast cancers ( early-stage cancer) and 26 normal mammary samples. Using immunohistochemical(IHC) procedures(SP), we examined the expression of the ER, PR, pS2 and the P53, C- erbB-2 and then analyzed these results with statistics. We studied the effects of these markers in the evolution of the breast cancer and its meaning to estimate the risks of breast cancer. We have got results as follows:1. We found the positive expression of ER,PR,pS2,and P53,C-erbB-2 were in order 11.53%, 15.38%, 0%, 0%, 0% in normal breast tissue; 22%, 28%, 8%, 6%, 4%in benignhyperplasias of breast;64.44%; 73.33%; 31.11%; 17.78%; 11.11% in atypical hyperplasias of breast;67.39%; 56.52%; 23.91%; 34.78%; 36.96% in primary breast cancers.2. The positive expression of ER and PR increased in normal breast to benign hyperplasia diseases of breast to atypical hyperplasia of breast to breast cancer. The expression of ER and PR at premalignant breast disease were similar with the expression at breast cancer. They are significantly higher than the benign hyperplasia disease of breast (P<0.001, P<0.001) and normal group(P<0.001, P<0.001), it indicated that the overexpression of ER and PR were associated with the occurrence of breast cancer. The expression of pS2 showed middle level in benign and malignant diseases of breast. The expression of pS2 in atypical hyperplasia of breast and breast cancer was similar, but it is higher than the expression in benign hyperplasia of breast:(P=0.003} and normal breast( P<0.001). The positive expression of p53 and C-erbB-2 were low lever in normal breast and benign hyperplasia of breast . The positive expression of p53 increased in normal breast to benign hyperplasia of breast to atypical hyperplasia of breast to breast cancer. However its expression have no the obvious difference between atypical hyperplasia of breast and benign hyperplasia of breast (P=0.073)and normal breast (P=0.023). The positive expression of C-erbB-2 also increased in normal breast to benign hyperplasia of breast to atypical hyperplasia of breast to breast cancer. However, its expression have no the obvious difference between atypical hyperplasia of breast and benign hyperplasia of breast {P=0.25)and normal breast(P=0.151). The low expression of P53 and C-erbB-2 at premalignant breast diseases indicated that the actions for evolution in benignhyperplasia of breast to atypical hyperplasia of breast to breast cancer were not clear.3. We analyzed co-expressions of these markers among the normal breast; benign hyperplasia of breast; atypical hyperplasia of breast and breast cancer. 1/26 normal breast samples presented commonly two markers; 4 samples presented commonly two markers^ 2 samples presented commonly three markers and 1 samples presented commonly four markers in 50 benign hyperplasia diseases of breast; 17 samples presented commonly two markers> 12 samples presented commonly three markers and 2 samples presented commonly four markers in 45 atypical hyperplasia of breast ; 13 samples presented commonly two markers- 7 samples presented commonly three markers and 10 samples presented commonly four markers in 46 breast cancers. Accompaning the progression since benign breast disease to breast cancer , there are more abnormal overexpressions of accumulative markers . There is significance relationship between atypical hyperplasia of breast and normal breast samples, and between atypical hyperplasia of breast and benign hyperplasia diseases of breast with statistics (P<0.01, P<0.01). This result indicated that the markers co-expressions in atypical hyperplasia of breast should be regarded clinically and the chance of occurrence for breast cancer might increase.This study discovered that some markers were playing important role for evolution in the process of benign hyperplasia of breast to atypical hyperplasia of breast to breast cancer. The expression of ERn PR^ pS2 in atypical hyperplasia of breast were higher significantly than of the expression in benign hyperplasia of breast and normal breast . The expression of oncogene C-erbB-2 and suppressor protein...