State Enterprises, Incentive And Restraint Mechanisms

The state-owned enterprises are the pillar of the national economy, the reform of which are the keys to the reform of economic mechanism. The entrepreneurs of the state-owned enterprises are special social resources in the marketing economic system. They are very important to the reform and development of the state-owned enterprises. At present the state-owned enterprises reform is on critical stage. And building incentive and constraint mechanism is the core of this reform. Therefore we should build and improve the incentive and constraint mechanism, according to the marketing economy principles, to cultivate high-qualified entrepreneurs, to make them devote themselves to the reform and development of the state-owned enterprises.There are six parts, the summary is as follows:The first part: Introduction. In this part, the paper gives the opinion that the imperfect incentive and constraint mechanism is one of the main reasons for the inefficient of the state-owned enterprises. It also gives the definitions of the state-owned enterprise and entrepreneurs, and analyzes the dialectical relationship between the incentive and constraints. At last, on the basis of the clear research ideas and methods, the paper makes an arrangement for the its structure.The second part: Theory Review. It includes commission-agent theory, human capital theory; need levels theory, three needs theory, fair theory etc. All of these theories have positive influence on improving the imperfect mechanism.The third part: Current Situation Analyzing. This part firstly gives simple review on the history of the mechanism, and then finds problems in material reward, emotion encouragement, control-right mechanism, market competition mechanism and legal mechanism.The fourth part: Incentive Mechanism Rebuilding. On the basis of the former analyzing, the paper rebuilds its incentive mechanism. The incentive mechanism consists of material reward and emotion encouragement, the former is more important. It contains short-term and long-term incentive. The annually salary system belongs to short-term encouragement; while the stock option belongs to...