Gmo's International Trade Issues

The new agricultural biotechnologies that are generating genetically modified organism (GOMs) are seen as exciting and valuable developments by some people, while others are objecting strongly to their use. In fact, the transgenosis technology has largely improved the quality and enlarged out-put of the crops. And also it has promoted the development in agriculture, animal husbandry, food, medicine ect.. Meanwhile, it also leads to serious disputes that resulted from inherent contradiction. People can not tell until now that what kind of potential changes will occur in human's body; people are not quite sure by now what kind of influence may happen for next generation; people can not know either how the transgenosis may work on the traditional gene. Both environmental and food safety concerns have been raised by opponents and policy makers in numerous countries around the world to react and in some cases to over- react. As a developing country which is now suffering a potential lake on crops, it is a complex process for the policy makers to find out a best solution. This paper first gives a brief introduction on GMOs , for example, on what is GMOs and on the status quo of GMO trades. It then analysis some confilicts for GMOs itself and disputes between different countries and reveals several reason behind. In the third chapter, it points out the main conflicts between WTO rules and Cartagena Protocal, both of wich have close relations with GMOs. The final two sections are discussing policy of the countries. In chapter four, it employs a comparation between three countries and area (America, European Union, Japan), whose policy are representative around the whole world. In the last chapter, it briefly introduces China's policy on GMOs and points out some defects and following several suggestions.