| Rural fundamental economic institutions (RFEI) is the basis and the core.of the rural economic institutions.The success or failure of the institutions has a decisive influence on the rational utilization of rural land, the comprehensive development of the rural economy and the development of entire social economy.As for the China's current RFEI, both Chinese and foreign scholars have different ideas.Most scholars believe that China's RFEI refers to thedouble layer management connecting unified management with peasant household management, which base on the family responsibility system. The development of agriculture must adhere to this basic operating system on the long term. At the same time, they believe that the RFEI have some imperfections, which need to innovate. Many researches have been done on the existing system. A number of innovative proposals from the respects of the land property institutions, the organization institutions and the income distribution institutions have been put forward. However, a small number of scholars are suspicious about the double layer management system, holding that the collective ownership systems of rural land is not the best choice while the permanent tenant-owned land or the permanent state-owned rent or the privatization of land may be reasonable.Through the review of research papers concerning China's RFEI at home and abroad, there exists some.imperfections.Firstly, there is a lack of scientific explanation about the defination of RFEI from the view of economics.Very few people have researched deeply on what RFEI is and what its structure is.Relevant research in this has only referred to family farming system and its structure. Secondly, some researchers think the RFEI means the same as the peasant family responsibility system. As for whether they are different on connotation or the former should have richer content than the latter, there is a series lack of researches.Therefore, by access to the theory of new institutional economics, development economics; using comparative analysis method, we combined qualitative and quantitative analysis methods, analyzed the current operating status and its existing problems of RFEI, then put forward an inherent requirement of institutions improvement.This dissertation includes four parts:Part 1 is introduction. It Includes present situation of RFEI at home and abroad, research significance, research ideas and methods, innovation points. Part 2 is theory and history. Through a review of the theory and institutional changes, this paper academically explicates the concept of RFEI as an object of study, compares characteristics of RFEI since the establishment of China, in order to understand correctly the phenomena and problems of China's rural economic development, and lay a theoretical foundation and supply historical experiences for stabilizing and improving of RFEI.Part 4 is reality and problems.This section mainly analyzes and evaluates the existing RFOI and sets up the inherent requirements of institutions.The aim is to provide the prerequisite and practical foundation for RFEIPart 4 is countermeasures and strategies. In this part, the guiding ideas, the objectives, the core contents about stabilizing and improving of RFEI are put forward, inorder offer some advice and implementation strategys on what is stable and perfect RFEI and how to perfect RFEI.Through the above analysis, it could conclude:(1)The meanings of the RFEI and peasant family responsibility system are different.(2) Stabilization and improvement of institutionhe should still base on the family farming and the existing land contract relations, stick to the principle" efficiency is first and the fairness at the same time,"in order realize dynamic balance between efficiency and fairness grudully.(3)The development of rural economy in China needs that the structure of RFEI.is to be improved based on existing land contract relations.(4) The innovation strategies of RFEI must be adjusted in orde to enhance the balance between the supplies and needs in institution market. |
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