Ming And Qing Yellow River Dike Technology And Management

The legend of "Da Yu" is well—known to us. China had lots of water conservancy projects since ancient times, so water supply system and flood control project are the main parts of water conservancy. During all these projects, dike is a major way to control or prevent flood. The dike of yellow river has a remote origin, with the most kinds and biggest scale ever, which also was the most frequently changed and the most unique in all the rivers' dikes. In Ming and Qing Dynasties, China attached great importance to water conservancy construction. The dike in two banks of Yellow River gradually improved. Although Yellow River often burst its banks, we always closed up it successfully. The Yellow River never changed its course until A.D.1855.This article is a study on the dikes of Feng, Pei, Xiao and Dang countries In Ming and Qing Dynasties. Attempt to make more comprehensive understanding to the technology and management of dike projects in these areas.After reviewing the former achievements and thinking, the author finds deficiency, takes full and accurate material, uses scientific analysis method, and has a comprehensive discussion to the dike of Feng, Pei, Xiao and Dang countries.This article mainly launches the elaboration from five parts:In the first part, we introduce the background, concepts, research methods and the questions which will answer. As for the motivation of the present thesis, I would like to explain it with three points:firstly, The thinking caused by my hometown. Secondly, the thesis shows great academic and application values. Last but not the least, the study was depend on an extensive literature and historical sites.The second part, we discuss the formation of "banking up to prevent flooding, sweeping the sand by the river" and the establishment of Dike Project in Yellow River. We also explain how the dike project was built under the push of the theory.The third part is about the system of dike project in Feng, Pei, Xiao and Dang countries. Firstly, we introduce the way of Yellow River to flow through these areas and the system of dike in every country. Such as lv Dam,Yao Dam,Ge Dam,Yao Dam and others dams. Lastly, we explain the specific installation and its function of dike system in every country at some length by taking the Mao Chengpu water gate as an illustration.The fourth part is about the maintenance, management and technology of dike. It introduce how to establish Bureau of Water Conservancy,manage the soldiers whose main task is to build the dam. At the same time, it also shows us the technology of damming, repairing, and guarding. Lastly, we discuss the ferries and bridges which was connected with the Yellow River. In a word, the technology of dikes' maintenance and management achieved the advanced level in in Ming and Qing dynasties.The last part is about the positive and negative affect exerted by the dikes on the local. It carries on the summary to the full text. On the one hand, the dike can prevent the floods to a certain extent. On the other hand, it had some negative effects. It brought inconvenience to agricultural production and people's lives. Lastly discuss the research status and developmental utilization prospect of the old course of the Yellow River. In a word, as long as we make good use of it, we can pursue all-round development in farming, forestry, animal husbandry, sideline occupation and fishery.