Changsha Inception Of Urban Planning And Urban Development Research

Changsha is the economy,political and cultural centre of Hunan province. It located in Yangtze Valley middle reaches, Hunan province east, Xiangjiang River lower reaches littoral, and on Beijing-Guangzhou railway line. Opening the Wharfs for trade in 1904 is the beginning of Changsha modernization. Gradually from one inland ancient feudalism city develops the modernized open cities, and its industry and commerce in development state. The development of Changsha during the almost hundred years is the miniature of the ancient city development of modern Chinese inland city.This paper mainly researches the relationship of Changsha planning and the city development since opening-up. The theory and method of this article is historical geography and related to discipline, taking the main clue of a century urban planning and city developing since Changsha opening-up, including Republic of china,before Reform and opening-up and after Reform and opening-up three stage. This article analysis the Changsha urban planning background,content and the development situation, open out Changsha urban planning characteristic and city develop law, and sum up the relationship of the urban planning and the city develop.The article includes three parts. The beginning and the first chapter being PartⅠ, is to ascertain the object of study, analysis the correlation study and discuss the Changsha city geographic conditions and the development progressing, as the basic of this article.ChapterⅡto ChapterⅣfor the second part is the main part of the thesis. According to the time, divided into Changsha opening-up to the before founding of the town planning and urban development (ChapterⅡ), three decades after the founding of Changsha city planning and urban development (ChapterⅢ), since the reform and opening Changsha city planning and urban development (ChapterⅣ).In 1904 Changsha opens the port commercial intercourse, its politics and economic situation happened earthshaking changing. The foreign merchant and the foreign firm are flood in; take Changsha as the commodity export and the raw material plundering centre, Hunan urban and rural markets gradually melt to world market. After the Chinese Revolution of 1911, municipal administration system building, Changsha city space happens rapidly change. Development of the economy leads to the city wall directly dismantle, Guangdong-Wuhan railroad guides Changsha city space face to east, dilate to the north. Xiao-wu door railway station till zhongshan road becomes the Changsha new business centre; with the Tai-Ping Street to po-zi street tradition business area composes two Changsha business centers. Development of city demands to carry out more rational urban planning, Changsha has worked out nine times of whole city urban planning during 1920-1947. Front six times of urban planning before 1932 have accorded with city developing need , also have guided city development. Later three times planning has broken away from reality and developing condition , has gone over advance, but the plan thought setting up a satellite to against central city excessive expansion still having meaning to Changsha urban planning today. Since the Republican period, nine times of urban plantings of Changsha mostly don't get the very good implementation, that Changsha has suffered and grave destroying in ceaseless war, almost becoming one ruin when liberating. (Second chapters)Changsha has worked out three times overall city planning during the thirty years after building up the country. In 1950 the urban planning working out has followed the plan thought since Republic, being the urban planning lasted at the modern times. The urban planning working out in 1960 and in 1979 reflect the economy times characteristic, is the national economy development concretization. This times, executive policy actively that" strict control big city scale , develop a medium-sized city rationally , develop small city positivist". Guided by plan, Changsha city prompt development. City downtown areas increases from 112 square kilometers in 1950 to 352 square kilometers in 1978.Urban areas increases from 6.7 square kilometers in 1949 to 53.04 square kilometers in 1978.Downtown population increases from 383.5 thousands in 1949 to 948.3 thousands in 1978. The city area has been formed with centre of the province and the city administration; two big cultural regions are separated by Xiangjiang River, six big industry differentiation development, the three-level commercial network and centers inlays city patterns. The city road system presents that He Dong net shape and He Xi radiation format independence development pattern. (Third chapters)Changsha have worked out two times overall city planning in 1990 and in 2000 after the Reform and opening-up. This two times plans have changed the method of restricting the scale compressing a city in the past, has adopt the strategy expanding development of downtown area. The plan in 1990 adopt the layout "one host , both wings , space structure of two set of regiment", the space structure plans in 2000 is adjusted for "one primary, two lesser, four set of regiment". Guided by the two times plans, the Changsha city expands a pattern developing from "stall large flatbread" to dispersing the regiment of group, from single central city space structure develop to many central space structure, the downtown area having taken form with the centre city is centre , take east Changsha economic development zone , north part Changsha high and new technology industry technological development area , western part Wang-cheng-po economic-technical development zone as subsidiary group regiment structure all around. (Fourth chapters)Fifth chapter conclusions is PartⅢ, have summed up the Changsha urban planning characteristic and city develop law since opening the commercial port, and have summed up the relation Changsha urban planning and city develop during the past century.The investigation and discussion that the Changsha city plans and the development over the past modern times is comparatively much , but the combination of the two researchers have not yet seen .So this article want to from the point of view that the relationship between Changsha city planning and urban development to research, and could to contribute to related research.