The Underground Mall Fire Risk Assessment And Safe Evacuation Of The Performance-based Design

In recent years, with the development of economics and the explosion of population, emporiums are built from overground to underground gradually. Because of the particularity of the underground emporiums characteristics, once the fire occurred, it easily resulted in the heavy casualities and the enormous property loss. In this paper, the author select the fre risk assessment and the safety evacuation analysis on performance-based design as the subjects of this paper from the point of human's own safety in order to reduce fire risk and increase the chance of safety evacuation. The main contents and conclusions are as follows.(1) The basic knowledge of fire risk assessment is discussed, and the methods of fire risk assessment are enumerated in this paper. Those are methods of qualitative analysis, methods of semiquantitative analysis and methods of quantitative analysis.(2) Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model of underground emporiums fire is built by using fuzzy mathematics method. Assessment index system is built and an underground emporium is taken the case in Changsha to analyse.(3) The related information of safety evacuation analysis on performance-based design is summarized and the procedure of this analysis is built in this paper.(4) By taking the case of an underground emporium in Changsha, the author made a field investigation and gathered related data. The fire scenario is set. By calculating and comparing two kinds of time, which are ASET and RSET, the author made an evaluation study on fire evacuation.(5) From the points of decorative materials, combustibles management, electrical devices, safety evacuation and so on, counter measures of fire risk reduction and safety evacuation increasing are put forward in this paper.