City Fire Planning Key Technologies

The safety is fundamental demand for people to modern urban environment.A lot of countries in the world realize the necessity of plan for fire protection, and make the plan for fire protection as a important component part of urban planning and urban disaster reduction.But because of a variety of reasons, the development of our country fire-control cause is gravely later than economic and social development. Therefore, in order to improve the ability of cities in defending against fire risk, it is very necessary to research the design technology of plan for fire protection, which will provide basis for the constitution of administrative regulations and technical standards.The study for the fire water supply, fire station, fire protection strength and other aspects is fulfilled in this paper, the main content is showed as the follows:1．Combined with the theory of urban planning and the demand of management for fire protection, based on urban population scale, the city fire protection strength is forecasted; On the basis of methods of cost-benefit analysis, the cost and benefit of fire protection strength is measured2．The water quality, water quantity and water intake of natural water body is analyzed, which is used for outdoor fire fighting; By theoretical calculation and transverse reference, technical parameters which include pipe diameter and pressure of fire water supply pipes,protecting radius and space between of the municipal hydrant are put forward.3．According to the capability of fire engine, by counting the quantity of fire engine for water supply, a method how to choose the mode of water supply is put forward; According to the burning area and burning perimeter of burning object, the strength supplying water is estimated.4．The requirement of fire station location is analyzed; On the basis of theory of Operations Research and Graph theory, a method of network's center for one fire station is presented; According to characteristic of fire station, based on maximal covering criterion and minimum sum criterion, a two-stages model of hierarchical location for many fire station is presented; Based on the analysis of qualitative and quantitative indicators, using the multi-objective system fuzzy optimization theory, model for fire station location is put forward.