| Plantation landscape design of expressway is a systemic engineering. Basing on the environmental meteorological factors, species diversities of plant communities, properties of soil, photosynthetic characteristics of dominant trees, this paper studied theory of ecological restoration about regional ecosystem of expressway in arid-hot valleys and marked out an plantation landscape plan according to results above.(1)Ecological restoration is the major purpose of plantation landscape design of expressway. When we start a landscape design of expressway from Xichang to Panzhihua , the first, Dodonaea viscosa, Lantana camara, Jatropha curcascim were chosen, which had such characteristics as adapting reginonal climate, corresponding with purpose of restoration, and self-renewal, whose maintenance and investment were lower. The trees can evolution with the environmental changes. Such as Leucaena leucocephala, Acacia confusa that are introduced may be planted as pioneer tree species. As far as photosynthetic characteristic was concerned, Lantana camara, Trachycarpus fortunei, Populus canadensis Moench, Cinnamomum camphoraEucalyptus camaldulensis. Agave sisalana, Prunica granatum had higher efficiency of utilizing water and had a fine ability of drought-enduring.(2)From the structure and species composition of communities inverstigated, a conclution was reched, the number of arbor trees was little, and the species diversities index of shrub are higher than that of arbor, which meant even there was an artificial factor, the distributing of vegetation was affected by the shortage of water, its zonal characteristics was subtropical/tropical savanna. By the study of deversity of community, the paper built artificial mixed shrub communities by using endemic tree species and dominat trees intriduced and being adapted to regional climate.(3) Focusing on the humane design, on the basis of satisfying the combination of transporting and safety, we carried out the beautification appropriately. Facing up to the different areas such as middle isolation zone, the soil berms, the entrance and exit of the channel, waste-soil land and the service districts, we integrated such functions as visual leading, shine-preventing, adaptability of light and shade and lodging with the visual features of the drivers and passengers, put emphasis on the users' requirements and created a delightful measure and a satisfactiory visual effect.(4)Emphasizing local culture, we embodied the modern civilization. Taking the ecological structure of species in the dried valleys as model, we formed the landscape with a group effect after mainly adopting the local shrubs such as Dodonaea viscose and Lantana camara;meanwhile, we adopted some local arbors and stressed the diversity of colors and seasons by combining natural and regular planting. On the important scenery zones such as the interchanges of the expressway, the service districts and the collecting fees stations, we took the local historic and cultural symbols as the design theme, combining the traditional culture with the modern landscape so that we not only embodied the local features but also emphasized the combination of modern civilization and traditional ideas.In general, ecological restoration was the main performance of studying plantation landscape design of expressway, plantation landscape design emphasized the return to nature, provided a green corridor enabling people to stay> communicate and relax. In practice, the study of plantation landscape design of expressway will exert positive functions in promoting the development of road-gardening, advancing the efficiency of gardening, improving ecological environment of expressway area. In addition, the emphasis of humanity and regional culture in design was consistent with the trend and tide of global ecological sustainable development, avoided utilizing resources exhaustly and great waste of resources and broke the balance of ecological environment seriously. |
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