Outside The Environment Of Residential Buildings

ForewordQuestion-The reformation of systems in China prompts the rapid development of housing industry and market economy, and makes the science, technology and society into unify, and provides the life with more methods and spaces. Consequently, it makes the needs of habitations different. Moreover, we attach importance to the concept of health and social intercourse. We long for the good outdoors environments of settlements. In fact, the actuality of settlements makes great contrast between levels and qualities, the losses of intercourse spaces, the dissociation of functional spaces, and the wastes of resources.Method of research-The article sets forth the request and developments of social intercourse at present, beginning with the history of urban settlements and various social intercourse ways. The article makes it clear that the construction of settlements is an environmental build and material space, serving for social intercourse of residents. And then, from the point of view of the development living ways, it summarizes the basic methods of design, and puts forward the applications of "principle of simplicity" on the whole.The expectable results and the meaning of research-The habitations are an aggregate of all kinds of social intercourse spaces. To satisfy the trend of various needs, we should realize the complexity by using the "principle of simplicity". The research of this task maybe enlighten some interrelated tasks on cognition of intercourse spaces and material construction. In practice, it can introduce the realization of diversity of intercourse spaces.Chapter 1 the introduce off outer spaces in settlementsSection 1 the Concept of Outer Spaces in Settlements1. The definition of Human Settlements-According to the sciences of human settlements founded by Wu Liangyong, human settlements is a place people living together, a ground space concerning with the survival activities, main space of using and transformingnature.2. The definition of outer spaces in settlements- Outer spaces in settlements are outdoors material environments of community, including the artificiality and nature. The field corresponds with the "community" in the theory of Sciences of Human Settlements. In terms of material category, it corresponds with the "natural system" and "inhabitation system".3. The meaning of outer spaces in settlements-To satisfy all kinds of requirements of residents; to train good relationships of community; to protect environment and zoology; to create wonderful sights.Section 2 The Evolvements of Environments in Habitations1. The settlements styles of ancient Chinese civilians-Li Fang, alley, ave, bystreet, and lane were related to economy and polity. They formed various environments of opening degrees and commercial developed degree.2. Foreign habitation theory-Garden city, Glary city, neighborhood units, block, Sciences of Human Settlements, New urbanism.Chapter 2 Social Intercourse and "Principle off Simplicity" inSpacesSection 1 the Requirements of Social Intercourse1. The cognition of social intercourse-The definition of social intercourse, the requirement of social intercourse, the final aim of social intercourse.2. the trend of diversity in social intercourses-Under the new society and economy conditions, people depend on society more deeply. Moreover, the intercourse requirements of community haven't reduced, on the contrary, they have increased.3. character of social intercourse in community-daily intercourse is main composition of the intercourse; the intercourse between community and society is also an important composition.Section 2 Analysis of Intercourse Spaces1. The recognition of outer spaces in settlements-The whole environments of community are the combination of all kinds social intercourse spaces. Furthermore, it can bemixed with whole social intercourse spaces.2. Practical problems in outer spaces of settlements-The separations of functional spaces, lacks of relations to society.Section 3...