| Coniselium vaginatiutn Thell.,a specie of Coniselium Umbelliferae,is a traditional Chinese medicine.It has an effect of removing wind,dispersing cold,dispelling dampness and relieving pain.Clinically,its rhizome has been mainly used to treat patients with cold,vertex headache,rheumatism arthritis and treat scabies,tinea and tumor by external use.It has rich resources,higher yield,contains the rich essential oil and possesses high value in use. Essential oil is the main effective component,which includes phellandrene,riligustilide, myristicin,elemicin etc.Chemical component analysis,separation,synthesis and pharmacological activity of the herb were reported in the references,but the extraction method,extraction techonology and kinetic model of extraction process of the herb were barely reported at home and abroad.It mainly applied in medical treatment,whose processing is now very primitive and its applied fields also need to be widen.It has no report in fragrance and flavor industry,health care and cosmetics profession and the paper explored preliminarily its application in tobacoo flavor. The paper is to achieve full use of its extracts,and to accelerate effective development and utilization of plant medicine resources.This paper mainly contains the following aspects:1.The study has compared the influence of the essential oils from Coniselium vaginatium Thell.by different methods.The essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation (HD),focused microwave-assisted hydrodistillation(FMAHD),ultrasonic extraction(UE), Soxhlet extraction(SE),heat reflux extraction(HFE).In addition,the refractive index and density of the oils from Coniselium vaginatum Thell by various methods were determined.At last,the chemical constituents of the oils were analyzed by GC-MS and the results were compared.A HP-5(30m×0.25um×0.25um) capillary column was used.The 0.8ml/min Helium was used as carded gas.The tempreture of the injector was 250℃and the injected volume was 1ul.Spilt ratio was 50:1.The column temperature increased by the program:60℃(1min) 4℃/min230℃(10min).The mass spectrometer conditions were:ionization mode:El,electron energy 70 eV,interface temperature:280℃,ion source temperature:250℃,mass scan range:35-500 AMU,used in 70eV electronic impact ionisation.The result is that the oils extracted by the five methods were 2.40%,2.19%,6.43%,6.75%,9.73%.and 44,41, 40,40,and 37 compounds were identified,respectively.It shows that the total amount of essential oils which extracted by SE is higher relatively,but it has more impurity and fat oils.UE and FMAHD are effient.The chemical components and their relative contends of essential oils extracted by five methods were different and the oils extracted by HD is better than the others'.2.The essential oil from Coniselium vaginatum Thell was extracted by hydrodistillation and the optimum extraction conditions were determined by single factor analysis and orthogonal design,The optimum extraction conditions:the size of the particle should be less than 40 mesh,adding 12 times water,soaking for 6 hours,extracting for 5 hours.The essential oil yield by this condition is 2.4%.3.Two mathematic models were stablished of extracted process to fit the extraction experiment data.The kinetic mathematic models are V=2.04~*(1-exp(-0.01018t))(R~2=0.99817) and 1n(2.1-V)=-0.00944t+0.72895(R~2=0.9979).4.The essential oil from Coniselium vaginatutn Thell which was extracted by hydrodistillation was applied in cigarettes as a tobacco flavoring and was compared with the other 6 Chinese herbal extracts.The results showed that the oil could significantly improve the aroma and taste of cigarette smoke.The innovative points of this study lie in the following:1.The optimum extraction conditions of the essential oil from Coniselium vaginatum Thell were determined,the essential oil yield by this condition is 2.4%is higher than 1.43% was reported,and the optimum extraction is feasible and the result is stable.2.Two mathematic models of the essential oil from Coniselium vaginatum Thell were stablished.The regression of the mathematical models is effective,which can be applied to control the volatile oil extraction process optimization.3.The influence of the essential oils from Coniselium vaginatium Thell.by different methods was compared.At the same time,the oil yield,physical parameters were determined and a total of 59 chemical constituents of the oils were analyzed by GC-MS.In addition,the advantages and disadvantages of 5 extraction methods of the essential oil were disscussed. 4.Considering the high content and aromatic of the essential oil from Coniselium vaginatum Thell,the paper explored preliminarily its application in tobacoo flavor. |
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