Study On Extraction And Purification Process Of Rape Phospholipids

Phospholipids in rapeseed have lower content than in soybean that makes extraction and purification more difficult. But rapeseed is one of the biggest oil plants in the world. In our country, the yield of rape is number one in the world. Rape phospholipids are still not developed in our country which makes for the short of edible rape phospholipids. Distilling edible phospholipids from hydrated rap oil can not only make full use of resources but also can substitute import of product. Therefor, this text developed series rape phospholipids. It studied the extraction and purification process of rape concentrate phospholipid, powder phospholipid and lecithin.Takes hydrated rap oil as raw material. It studied the distillation process of rape concentrate phospholipid. Raw material was dehydrated to contain water<2% according to the existing equipment condition in grease factory. Repass three steps of decolor, extracting oil by acetone, and extracting phospholipid by number six solvent oil. It can gain concentrate phospholipid. The best decolor technics conditions were established: the decolor temperature 55℃, decolor time 40min, H₂O₂ dosage/material quality 3.0%. The best acetone extracting oil conditions were as follows: temperature 70℃, time 60min, material quality/acetone dosage(w/v)1:1.8. The best number six solvent oil extracting phospholipid conditions were as follows: temperature 70℃, time 45min, material quality/number six solvent oil dosage(w/v)1:1.2. Under all these best conditions, sample became yellow after decolor and concentrate phospholipid acetone indiscerptible content reached 69.08%. Convert to pure powder phospholipid, phospholipid extraction rate in raw material reached 89.35%.Takes rape concentrate phospholipid as raw material. It studied the distillation process of rape powder phospholipid by adopting the method of acetone twice extraction oil. Through the single factor tests, orthogonal tests and response surface method experiments, the best condition of acetone once extraction oil are as follows: temperature 65℃, time 60min, concentrate phospholipid/acetone dosage(w/v) 1:2.2. The best condition of acetone twice extraction oil are as follows: once extraction phospholipid/acetone dosage (w/v)1:2.01, temperature 70.5℃, time 60min. Under the two best conditions, rape powder phospholipid acetone indiscerptible content reached 95.68%. Convert to pure powder phospholipid, phospholipid extraction rate in raw material reached 85.43% and extraction rate in concentrate phospholipid reached 95.61%. It also determined the powder phospholipid aether indiscerptible content 0.29%. the acid value is 13.93 mg KOH/g. These all accord with the GB.Takes rape powder phospholipid as raw material. It studied the purification process of containing 70% upwards lecithin. The fringe purification was prepared by ethanol extraction. Through single factor test and response surface method experiments, the best contidions of ethanol extraction lecithin are as follows: temperature 41.9℃, powder phospholipid/ethanol dosage (w/v) 1:1.68, time 42min, ethanol concentration 93.80%. PC pure rate and PC exclaim rate were 46.68% and 93.29% respectively. Apply silica gel chromatogram and silica static state absorption methods to purify the high pure lecithin from the concentrated lecithin. The best condition of silica gel chromatogram are as follows: sample lecithin quantity2.0g/43g silica gel, diameter and high ratio 1/10, velocity of flow 2.6ml/min, ethanol dosage 160ml, ethanol concentration 90%. Under these contidions, PC pure reached 71.04%, PC exclaim rate reached 91.01%. The optical condition of silica gel static state absorption are as follows: silica gel/concentrated lecithin (w/w) 3:1, number six solvent oil/silica gel (v/w) 6:1, absorption time 45min, ethanol/silica gel (v/w) 8: 1, time 30min, PC pure rate can reach 72.45% and PC exclaim rate reach 33.67%.