The Sol - Gel Method To Improve Dye Fastness

In this paper, we firstly make a study on the development of Sol-Gel at home and abroad, at the initial stage ,this technology mainly applied in the preparing the function materials, especially in the preparing process which can not reach by the common method. With further cognition to the Sol-Gel, as a method of preparing such materials, this technology has been applied to a great deal of aspects such as preparing specific glasses, fibers, powder, films, coatings, composite materials etc. However, the research and application of the sol-gel process on textile haven't been seen so far. In this paper, a series of sols were prepared based on the principles of the sol-gel process, and then were applied on textile through common pad-dry-cure techniques, endowing textiles with fixing function . The fixing color mechanism of Sol-Gel is different from the general fixing agent, the general agent can take chemical reaction with fibre and dyestuff to create big numerator, mainly depending on the chemistry key or Van der waals strength among them, strengthenning the combinative force between the dyestuff and fibre, attaining the result of fixing color. However, the general principle of Sol-Gel that starts with organic metal compounds or inorganic compounds and solidifies through a solution-sol-gel evolvement, finally resulting very fine particles of oxide that own the bigger specific surface area and the higher specific surface energy, which can accelerate the particles form three-dimension net construction and a layer oxide thin firm to reach the aim of fixing.At first, this paper make use of cross-test to optimize preparing and fixing craft of SiO₂ and TiO₂ Sol, receiving the best craft .In this paper we make it applied to the fixing process of active, directive, aciditive dyestuff. Experimental data showed that the silica sol had excellent fixing and darkening effects on these kinds of dyestuffs, which find a new method of fixing. But the result of TiO₂ Sol is not as good as SiO₂Sol, however it can endow the fibre with other function, such as ultra-violet cutting and etc.At the same time ,we also discuss the dyeing craft of a new active dyestuff that apply to aba, from the dyeing craft ,we make a study on factors of influencing the fastness of fibre, at last we attain the best dyeing and fixing craft.Finally, we make SiO₂, TiO₂ and its mixture apply to the former kinds of dyestuffs, experimental results showed that the more SiO₂,the better fixing result, and attained the best ratio of SiO₂ sol, TiO₂ sol.