Relationship Of The Nujiang River Basin Development And Environmental Protection

China hydraulic power generation construction undergoes full of frustrations. Before Liberation, China hydraulic power generation construction was very backward. Shilongba hydropower station that was built in yunnan in 1912 is the first one in China. In 1949, the hydropower installed capacity of all the country is 360.000KW. The most primary one is Fengman hydropower station that was built by Japanese in Northeast in the War of Resistance Against Japan. Since half the century after New China the founding of our country, the hydropower construction of our country has been developing by leaps and bounds. Especially in the near 20 years, the large scale, high speed, many technology innovation of the construction are focused attention upon by the people of the hydropower. Up to 1999 the hydropower installed capacity of all the country is 72,970,000KW, the second place of the world. Though the prodigious achievement had been gained, the hydropower exploitation potential of our country is very vast. Water energy resource theoretical gross deposits of our country reach 676 million KW. The capacity that is exploit reach about 378 million KW. But now the exploitation rate is only 10 percent or so according to the quantity of hydropower. It fall behind Not only the developed country such as America, Canada and the country of Europe, but also the developing country such as Brazil, Egypt and India. In order to realize our country 21 century society economy sustained development, recently the Party Central Committee put forward the great strategic decision-making of "west great exploitation". Developing hydropower and supplying electricity from the west to the east is one of major issue put the strategy of "west great exploitation" in practice. It is also a key of realizing our country electric power resource optimize distribution. Hydropower exploitation firstly rely on reformation, secondly policy, thirdly science and technology. Reformation means liberating and developing the productive forces. Policy is the guarantee of the productive forces developing. Science and technology are the primary productive forces. According to the Nation "No. 15 "Plan and 2015 Year Long-range Plan, up to 2015 hydropower installed capacity reaches 150 million KW. After this Plan is finished, on the main river of the whole nation condition-best backbone engineering has been built. The middle and small class rivers have been exploited step by step. The exploitation degree of the water energy resource reaches 40 percent. Near 20 years, the development of the industry propels science and technology forward. The rapid development of economy brings the large use of resource. The expand of population leads to environment worsening all over the world. Declaration oh Environment and development that is of great significance was produced in conference on environment and development that was had in Rio de Janeiro in June, 1992. So "Sustain Development" strategy step by step forms common understanding. Its aim means realizing two objects of economy development and environment protection, meeting current development demand and not harming future self-developing ability.Economy increasing is closely related with electricity energy increasing. In the coming 20 years the increasing rate of the demanding quantity of electricity of our country is about 4 percent. Water energy is the best clean regenerative energy. Now globe warming up problem that increasing of greenhouse gas CO? cause and that area of acid rain harms is more and more widen arouses people's widespread attention. But water energy cannot generate harmful gas such as CO2, SO2, Nox etc. Giving priority to using water energy is effective measure that lightens globe warming up and prevents acid rain and improves air quality. Hydropower station also have many integrative using benefit such as preventing flood, irrigation, water supply, shipping, aquiculture and tour etc. It is benefit to improving entironment. Hydropower of our country is 20 percent of entire power. It is a regenerative clean energy.