| Municipal Solid Waste Management (abbreviation as MSWM) is one of the main tasks of urban environment sanitary. Upon the development of social economy, problems are rising as following: contents of MSW vary from time to time; pollution with MSW becomes more and more seriously; fund used in MSWM is far below the requirements to improve and operate the MSWM facilities; the layout of the MSWM is not reasonable; the technology of MSWM is backward. These are the difficult problems we are facing in the process of city construction and management. MSWM in Beijing has been developed for several decades and made obvious achievements. The five plants granted by German government for Beijing Solid Waste Disposal greatly enhance the MSWM in Beijing, it is the basis for the research of MSWM plan. In all, the MSWM system and the layout of MSWM facilities should be adjusted and improved accordingly. This essay focus on the strategies of Beijing MSWM, such as selection of optimized technologies, choice of transportation routines, analysis of the unit disposal cost and the feasibility of collecting waste treatment fee. It has four parts. The first part is discussing the current status and problems of MSWM in the cities of China and abroad. Firstly it states the basic ways of MSWM and the waste contents, waste quantities in different countries, it suggests three popular used methods: sanitary landfill, incinerating and composting. The volume of the waste in today's world increases greatly in recent years. Comparing with the developed countries, the contents of MSW which can be reused are low in China, but in a rising trend. This essay emphasized that the waste treatment methods vary from country to country. Secondly it analyses the current situation in China and forecasts the developing trend of waste management, and points out the direction of today's MSWM development, and suggests a scientific way to choose a method of MSWM which should be considering the requirements of sustainable development. The important ways of MSWM are waste reduction, harmless treatment to the environment, waste recycling as resources and MSWM in market. The second part is on the strategy of MSWM in Beijing. Firstly it introduces the current situation of MSWM, the process and the layout. It suggests four ways towards the current MSWM in Beijing, and selects three typical modern waste management projects: Changping Waste incinerating plant, Nangong composting plant, and Anding sanitary landfill site etc. According to the economic analysis and evaluation the most optimized waste treatment technology is an integration of transferring, incinerating and landfill. Its cost is low and it is consistent to the world development of MSW since it is a combination those ways as waste quantity reduction, harmless treatment to the environment and waste recycling as resources. It points out that it is the best choice in Beijing's MSWM concerning about today's waste content diversification. According to the analysis and evaluation of the treatment methods, and the choice of those optimized ways, it gives suggests on the principles of adjusting of exiting waste facilities layout: 1). The capacity of the new WM plant should be based on the actual waste generation, and help to increase the efficiency of fund and prevent waste of land. 2). The layout of WM facilities should be designed according to the waste generation and the alteration of waste contents. 3). The sanitary landfill is the most important way to treat the MSW nowadays in Beijing, but the incineration will be the main way in MSWM in Beijing instead of the sanitary landfill. 4). It is necessary to have a comparing reasonable layout in the process of construction according to the distance, treatment technology and cost.The third part is about the feasible analysis of fee and taxi system on MSWM in Beijing. This part stresses the necessity of fee and taxi system according to the current situation. The cost increased with the increasing of waste volumes and at the same time th... |
PDF Full Text Request